Introduction Digital-to-analog converters (DACs) are usually used as an interface between digital systems and continuous analog circuitry. To choose the type of DAC best suited for an application, the designer must consider many important performance measures. • Resolution: Generally, a DAC is specified by the number of bits in the input, or the input width, which represents the number of volta...

5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) is approved for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes, but resistance to this agent is common. In search for mechanisms of resistance, we measured the half maximal (50%) inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of DAC and found it differed 1000-fold among a panel of cancer cell lines. The IC(50) was correlated with the doses of DAC that induced the most hypomethylatio...

Design of a high speed capacitive digital-to-analog converter (SC DAC) is presented for 65 nm CMOS technology. SC pipeline architecture is used followed by an output driver. For GHz frequency operation with output voltage swing suitable for wireless applications (300 mVpp) the DAC performance is shown to be limited by the clock feed-through and settling effects in the SC array rather than by th...

Traditionally DACs and MACs have been implemented on orthogonal axes: For an operation to be performed, both MAC and DAC access checks must succeed. In this paper, we explore the consequences of making the MAC system primary and allowing only DAC accesses which are consistent with MAC accesses. This both refines the DAC permissions while reducing the complexity of the policy specification. This...

BACKGROUND Daclizumab high-yield process (DAC HYP), a humanized immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody specific for the α subunit (CD25) of the high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor, has demonstrated efficacy for treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis in Phase II and III clinical trials. OBJECTIVE To characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of DAC HYP following repeated administration...

PURPOSE 1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine (cytarabine; ara-C) is the most active agent in myeloid leukemia. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) is a cytosine analogue that inhibits DNA methylation and also has activity in myeloid leukemia. Therefore, we investigated combining these two drugs in human leukemia cell lines in vitro. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We initially examined the effects of ara-C and DAC...

This paper proposes a Chinese Abacus Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) for high speed and low power applications like audio and video applications. This circuit of DAC uses resister strings to get a good analog output. The designed DAC uses the algorithm of abacus. Instead of using binary code, here we use abacus code to control the switches. So the complexity and the area will be reduced autom...

While p53-dependent apoptosis is triggered by combination of methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine (DAC) and histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) in leukemic cell line CML-T1, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation as well as survivin and Bcl-2 deregulation participated in DAC + SAHA-induced apoptosis in p53-deficient HL-60 cell line. Moreover, decrease of sur...

We propose an electrostatically-actuated microelectromechanical digital-to-analog converter (M-DAC) device with low actuation voltage. The spring structures of the silicon-based M-DAC device were monolithically fabricated using parylene-C. Because the Young's modulus of parylene-C is considerably lower than that of silicon, the electrostatic microactuators in the proposed device require much lo...