There are three current theoretical inter pretations of antibody production which, following Talmage (1957), may be referredto as the directtemplate theoryinwhich theantigenservesasa template against which the specific pat tern of the antibody is synthesized, the indirect template theory which postu lates a secondary template incorporated intothegenetic-synthetic processesof the antibody produc...

The Monge-Kantorovich mass transport problem is to find the transport plan that minimizes the cost (1). This was formulated by Kantorovich in the 1940's, generalizing Monge's format in 1781. Monge's original formulation of the problem assumes that and asks for BßC œ lBCl a b the existence of a mass-preserving map from the support, Spt ,of 0 a b . . to Spt that minimizes a b / the cost ( a b a ...

This paper introduces specification tests for conditional moment restrictions. The proposed tests are generalizations of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Cramer–von Mises tests and they are consistent against all ] Œ alternatives to the null hypothesis, powerful against 1 / n local alternatives and not dependent on any smoothing parameter. A nonparametric bootstrap procedure based on recentered crite...

f × ß r o 0 9 8 1 Y ( ä /| 2 3 8 1 Y X 7 0 3 1 /| Z g Š z Š * ñ D ~ â Z [ ¦ œ & Œ ¦ Y È 0* à ò ) 8 4 2 1 Z z g Z y Å Â [ § ] » ̧ ] ƒ Ð ¬ ¬ g s TM Z c* X â Z [ ñ ß s ò ä § ] ó g Å § ] z q Ñ ] Æ !* g } ~  1⁄4 7 – Ô Ü s Z y Æ * x * ò Z z g Z y Æ Ä Ð Z y Æ !* g } ~ É TM Z y Å Â [ § ] » ¿ c z s ® ð g ¶ Z v ¬ \ ä  [ â g Z Ñ w g ~ &+ TM § ] t t 1⁄4 – ì f × ß r o f TM H ì : L L Z â x ¦ Z z k Ð 3 _...

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature about the positive predictive value of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS®) categories 3, 4 and 5. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A research was performed in the online Medline database, entering the terms “predictive value” and “BI-RADS”. Eleven studies were included in this review. RESULTS: The positive predictive values ranged respectively between 0...

A primary Echinococcus of the upper mediastinum revealed itself as a cervical mass in an 18-year-old asymptomatic patient. Chest x-ray films and a thyroid scan led to the diagnosis of benign mediastinal tumor or cyst. Through a cervical approach a cystectomy was performed. The pericystic membrane was left “¿ in situ―. The result of this simple operation was excellent. This, according to our...

The maximum value of w needed to satisfy the IR constraint of the programmer (called wIR) is obtained from wIRT = M0 – ax(T)|v=0. Here x(T)|v=0 represents the smallest possible skill level with which the programmer ends the contract. This skill level occurs when v = 0 is chosen throughout the contract duration. Next, note that the adjoint equation for the co-state variable μ(t) is = constant œ ...

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 Pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) in non-immunocompromised hosts, although rare, is increasingly recognized. The diagnosis of PA is difficult, since recovery of Aspergillus from respiratory samples cannot differentiate colonization from invasion. We assessed the role of BAL galactomannan (GM) in diagnosing PA in 73 non-immunocompromised pat...

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 Pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) in non-immunocompromised hosts, although rare, is increasingly recognized. The diagnosis of PA is difficult, since recovery of Aspergillus from respiratory samples cannot differentiate colonization from invasion. We assessed the role of BAL galactomannan (GM) in diagnosing PA in 73 non-immunocompromised pat...

A few thousand patients die of asthma each year in the United States, and Dr. Sears fears that an explanation may be found in his discovery that some patients with relatively mild asthma appear to suffer deterioration when they use 3-adrenergic aerosols routinely. Nevertheless, it is evident that many millions of patients use routine @-adrenergicaerosol therapy, and there is good reason to beli...