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Objective: The aim of the present study is to simulate 6 MV and 18 MV photon beam energies of a Siemens Primus Plus medical linear accelerator (Linac) and to verify the simulation by comparing the results with the measured data.Methods: The main components of the head of Siemens Primus Plus linac were simulated using MCNPX Monte Carlo (MC) code. To verify the results, experimental data of perce...

à Lukasiewicz’s four-valued modal logic is surveyed and analyzed, together with à Lukasiewicz’s motivations to develop it. A faithful interpretation of it into classical (non-modal) two-valued logic is presented, and some consequences are drawn concerning its classification and its algebraic behaviour. Some counter-intuitive aspects of this logic are discussed under the light of the presented r...

There is an error in the first equation. Please see the corrected Equation 1 here. SupExp~ 1)p a à p b , if a,b [ roots 2) p ^ a ab à p a p ^ a a , if a [ = roots and b [ roots 3) p a^ b b à p b p , if a [ roots and b [ = roots 4) p ^ a a ^ b b à p a p ^ a a à p b p ^ b b , otherwise Copyright: ß 2014 The PLOS ONE Staff. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative...

Several of the ã-herpesviruses are known to have cellular transforming and oncogenic properties. The genomes of eight distinct ã-herpesviruses have been sequenced, and the resulting database of information has enabled the identification of genetic similarities and diVerences between evolutionarily closely related and distant viruses of the subfamily and between the ã-herpesviruses and other mem...

The normalised volume measure on the lp unit ball (1 ≤ p ≤ 2) satisfies the following isoperimetric inequality: the boundary measure of a set of measure a is at least cnã log(1/ã), where ã = min(a, 1− a). Résumé Nous prouvons une inégalité isopérimétrique pour la mesure uniforme Vp,n sur la boule unité de l n p (1 ≤ p ≤ 2). Si Vp,n(A) = a, alors V + p,n(A) ≥ cn ã log 1/ã, où V + p,n est la mesu...

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A joint experimental-theoretical study has been carried out on electronic states of propadienylidene (H(2)CCC), using results from negative-ion photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition to the previously characterized X(1)A(1) electronic state, spectroscopic features are observed that belong to five additional states: the low-lying ã(3)B(1) and b(3)A(2) states, as well as two excited singlets, Ã(...