Optically pure â,â-dimethylated amino acid building blocks with functionalized side chains have been prepared from D-aspartic acid. The dimethylation was accomplished by regioselective dialkylation of 9-phenylfluorenyl (PhFl)-protected aspartate diesters. The bulk of the PhFl protecting group also allowed for a variety of functional group manipulations to be carried out on the side chain withou...

Sustainable development is a Controversial concept which has been considered over the three decades. It is comprehensive development and includes all of dimensions as “economic’’, “social’’ and ‘‘environmental’’. In economic objective, it requires substantial economic change that can be brought about by investment and trade. They are effective factors of sustainable developm...

nowadays, scientific c findings in the field of regeneration of nervous system have revealed the possibility of stem cell based therapies for damaged brain tissue related disorders like stroke. furthermore, to achieve desirable outcomes from cellular therapies, one needs to monitor the migration, engraftment, viability, and also functional fate of transplanted stem cells. magnetic resonance ima...

â â â  â â â â â  abstract â  the research on social networks and collaborative strategies has highlighted from the mid of 1980 which has contributed to the success and development of firms. the relationship and communication with trade partners in overseas help success of firms in entering to foreign markets and improve new partners and new markets abroad. doing firm internationalization in fo...

Background: Given the importance of scattered and low doses in secondary cancer caused by radiation treatment, the point dose of critical organs, which were not subjected to radiation treatment in breast cancer radiotherapy, was measured.Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the peripheral dose in two techniques of breast cancer radiotherapy with two energies. Methods: Eight diff...

ì í ã î ï à á Ý ä ã ß é å â ê â á â è ð â ñ å í ã ê á ß é ã Ý é ä ï à ã Þ ß é ã Ý è í ò â ç í â â ä ç ã á ß å Ý â é ò ã å ó ã ã é å í ã à ã á á Þ ae ó í Ý à í Ý Þ ï Þ ã ä å â ä ã ñ Ý é ã å í ã Þ ô ß á á ã Þ å â ê ã é é ã Ý è í ò â ç í â â ä õ å í ã ö ÷ ø ù ú û ü ý þ â ñ ã ß à í à ã á á ë ì í ã Þ ã å â ñ â ê ã é Þ å ß ç Þ ñ â ç ô Þ ß ò ß Þ Ý Þ ñ â ç ß ñ Ý é Ý å ã å â ê â á â è Ý à ß á Þ ê ß à ã ÿ

â â â  â  abstract â â â  this study addressed the semantic vagueness in aljubby's book (sharih ghareeb alfath almudawana) in almaliki terms. it consists of introduction, preface, three sections, and conclusion. the preface stated the semantic obscurity in language and terminology with the definition of the book (almudawana) in maliki fiqh. the first section studied aljubby's method a...