• A calving interval of 13.5 months is an achievable goal that will produce higher daily milk yield and higher milk yield over the length of the lactation. To achieve this goal average days to first service should be <80, yearly 21-day Pregnancy Rates should average >20% and culling for reproductive failure should not exceed 10%. • Management must set standard operating procedures for all aspec...

Somatic cells count (SCC), milk yield (MY) and pedigree information of 2,791 first lactation cows that calved between 1990 and 2010 on 259 Thai farms were used to estimate genetic parameters and trends for SCC and its genetic association with MY. The SCC were log-transformed (lnSCC) to make them normally distributed. An average information-restricted maximum likelihood procedure was used to est...

Introduction As a result of antigenic drift of the influenza viruses, the composition of the influenza vaccine is updated yearly to match circulating strains. Consequently, there is need to assess the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine (VE) on a yearly basis. Ongoing febrile respiratory illness (FRI) surveillance captures data and specimens that are leveraged to estimate influenza VE on an ...

ascites syndrome is one of the most problems of broilers industry and produce economical losses to this industry yearly. because of ecological condition, importance of broiler breeding and high yearly mortality due to this syndrome in iran, it was decided to investigate the effect of ascorbic acid as an antioxidant on heart structure, that one of the most limb which involve in this syndrome.in ...

Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase subunit 2 237 leucine/methionine (ND2-237 Leu/Met) polymorphism, is reportedly associated with longevity in the Japanese population. The ND2-237Met genotype may exert resistance to atherogenic diseases, such as myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular disorders. To investigate whether ND2-237 Leu/Met polymorphism is associated with ...

BACKGROUND Many otherwise healthy Kenyans are required to obtain chest radiographs as part of routine medical examination to exclude pulmonary TB, a condition of significant public health concern. Many of these people are required to have these radiographs taken yearly as part of routine check-up. No local data is available to support this practice. Though a quick procedure to perform and readi...

The pathogen causing soybean rust, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, was first described in Japan in 1902. The disease was important in the Eastern Hemisphere for many decades before the fungus was reported in Hawaii in 1994, which was followed by reports from countries in Africa and South America. In 2004, P. pachyrhizi was confirmed in Louisiana, making it the first report in the continental United Stat...

BACKGROUND The Belgian Transplant Coordinators Section is responsible for the yearly data follow-up concerning donor and transplantation statistics in Belgium and presents herein a 10-year overview. METHODS The procurement and transplant statistics were compared between 2 periods: Period 1 (P1, 1997-2005) versus Period 2 (P2, 2006-2007). RESULTS The kidney and liver waiting lists (P1 vs P2)...

By 2004, there were 19 municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) with a total yearly treatment capacity of 7.72 million tons in service in Taiwan. All 19 incinerators operated daily to generate about 1.05 million tons of incinerator ash, including bottom ash and stabilized fly ash in 2003, and the average ash yield is 18.67%. The total number of incinerators is expected to increase to 27, servi...