A limited number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa genotypes (mainly ST-111, ST-175, and ST-235), known as high-risk clones, are responsible for epidemics of nosocomial infections by multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains worldwide. We explored the potential biological parameters that may explain the success of these clones. A total of 20 isolates from each of 4 resistanc...

AIM To describe the incidence of extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) reported in the Peruvian National multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) registry over a period of more than ten years and present the treatment outcomes for a cohort of these patients. METHODS From the Peruvian MDR-TB registry we extracted all entries that were approved for second-line anti-TB treatment betwee...

results the present study indicates that carbapenems and new cephalosporin antibiotics were practically ineffective against the extensive drug resistance (xdr) strains. colistin was observed to be more effective, although in seven cases resistance to colistin observed. ampc β-lactamase and mbl could be an important contributory factor for imipenem resistance among the isolates in our hospital. ...

background and objectives: resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis is caused by mutations in genes encoding drug targets. investigators have already demonstrated the existence of mutations in codons 88 to 94 in the gyra gene and also in codons 1400, 1401, and 1483 of rrs gene among extensively and extremely drug resistant tuberculosis (xdr & xxdr-tb) strains. the aim of this study was to ident...

Recently, resistance to additional first-line and injectable drugs was reported to be an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes in multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) patients. The aim of the present study was to confirm these observations in MDR-TB patients without HIV infection. MDR-TB patients treated at a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea between January 1996 and Decem...

This Cross-sectional observational study was conducted to determine the clinical profile of drug-resistant tuberculosis in children. Patients were classified as monoresistant TB, polyresistant TB, multidrug resistant (MDR)-TB and extensively drug resistant (XDR - TB). We coined a term called as Partial XDR-TB when isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were confirmed to be resistant in vitro to...

BACKGROUND In South Africa, drug resistant tuberculosis is a major public health crisis in the face of the colossal HIV pandemic. METHODS In an attempt to understand the distribution of drug resistance in our setting, we analysed the rpoB, katG, inhA, pncA and embB genes associated with resistance to key drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tubercu...

OBJECTIVES Linezolid may be an effective treatment for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB). The objective was to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability and adverse events of a 300 mg daily dose of linezolid in the treatment of MDR/XDR-TB. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 51 MDR-TB patients, including 26 patients ...

C static analysis tools often use intermediate representations (IRs) that organize program data in a simple, well-structured manner. However, the C parsers that create IRs are slow, and because they are difficult to write, only a few implementations exist, limiting the languages in which a C static analysis can be written. To solve these problems, we investigate two language-independent, on-dis...

In the present study, we characterised drug-resistance patterns, compared treatment outcome between extensively and nonextensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (non-XDR-TB) cases, and assessed risk factors for poor outcome in a high-prevalence country that screens all TB patients for first-line anti-TB drug resistance. We reviewed drug susceptibility test results among all pulmonary TB cases in ...