cognitive restructuring and exposure therapy have been integrated into a highly structured package for the treatment of social phobia termed cognitive-behavioral group therapy (cbgt). the first two sessions of cbgt for social phobia are devoted to training clients in the basic tenets of cognitive therapy. clients learn to identify their own irrational thoughts and to challenge the content of th...

The similarities between measures of self-evaluation and self-deception are reviewed, and a method for discriminating between them is proposed, using personality profiles and relations to ability and achievement. Across two samples, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Tafarodi's measures of self-evaluation were used to demonstrate that the RSES and Self-Liking are more similar to Self-De...

800x600 background: pregnancy, due to hormonal changes and body reshaping, might disturb the pregnant women’s body image and self-esteem and also increase depression susceptibility. body dissatisfaction may result in some compensating attempts, such as weight loss, for improving body shape. these behaviors could result in serious outcomes for maternal and child health. the aim of the present st...

the effect of reminiscence on the amount of group self-esteem and life satisfaction of the elderly     hojjati h [1] *, sharifnia sa [2] , hassanalipour s [3] , akhonzadeh g [4] , asayesh h [5]     received: 3july, 2011 accepted: 23september, 2011     abstract   background & aims : the natural course of aging leads to changes in the normal physiological, psychological, social, and spiritual sta...

This work examined if stigmatized targets will embrace negative in-group stereotypes in order to protect their self-esteem from the threat of stereotypic failures. All studies focused on the stereotype that women have lower math ability than men. In Study 1, women who failed a math test showed buffered self-esteem if they were first given the opportunity to endorse this stereotype. Study 2 repl...

background & aim: self-esteem, self-confidence and self-assertiveness play essential roles in mental health. this study was aimed to assess the effect of social learning model education on self-confidence, self-esteem, self-assertiveness and academic achievement in students of intermediary schools in chahar mahal and bakhtiari province. methods and materials: this was a semi-experimental study ...

Research on sports fans has demonstrated a positive relationship between fan identification and self-esteem. The current investigation extended previous research by testing media use as a moderator. The author hypothesized that media use would be positively associated with measures of fan identification and collective self-esteem and also moderate the relationship between these 2 variables. Thi...

introduction: women are facing inequalities including health, thus their health deserves attention. investigating people’s health status from their viewpoints is an important measure in terms of public health of society and an indicator to determine the efficiency of health system.  this study aimed at evaluating the self-assessed health of older women living in shiraz and yasuj. methods: this ...