Fixed-term labor contracting has increasingly replaced regular open-ended employment in developing countries. What justifies its emergence? determines intensity? policy responses are appropriate, if any? In a two-tiered task-based model of the market, we demonstrate that within establishments, fixed-term can indeed co-exist with efficiency wage contracts as it enables firms to enforce worker di...

Seru production is one of the latest manufacturing modes arising from Japanese practice. Seru can achieve efficiency, flexibility, and responsiveness simultaneously. To accommodate current business environment with volatile demands fierce competitions, seru has attracted more attention both researchers practitioners. A new planning management sy...

background health care workers (hcws) are at high risk for acquisition of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection due to occupational exposure to potentially infectious body fluids. this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of hbv markers and vaccination compliance among different categories of hcws in fars province, iran. patients and methods a total of 346 hcws working at gerash and ev...

background: to establish a balance between work (physical exercise) and human, the aerobic capacity (vo2max) could be used as a measure. assessing heart rate in association to physiological symptoms is the most commonly used tools for the assessment of fatigue during physical exercise. this study aimed to investigate the association between the aerobic capacity and the heart rate of workers fro...

Faster and more cost-efficient, crowdsourced delivery is needed to meet the growing customer demands of many industries, including online shopping, on-demand local delivery, transportation. The power stems from large number workers potentially available provide services reduce costs. It has been shown in social psychology literature that fairness key ensuring high worker participation. However,...

To reduce the computation times required for rendering animations, a new incremental raytracing method that computes only the changed parts of images in an animation sequence is proposed. This method is integrated into a parallel version of the POV{Ray raytracing package implemented on a network of workstations using the MPI message passing interface. The parallelization relies on a manager/wor...

Fixed-term contract employment has increasingly replaced regular open-ended employment as the predominant form of employment notably in developing countries. Guided by factory-level evidence showing nuanced patterns of co-movements of regular and contract wages, we propose a two-tiered task based model with self-enforcing contracts in which firms allocate complex tasks to long term employees at...

Retired-worker families: Worker only------------------------------------. Male ________________________________________--. Female ____________ ____________________--------. Worker and aged wife ____________________________ Survivor families: Aged widow---.---.---_------------------------. Widowed mother and 2 children ________________. Disabled-worker families: Worker only-----.___-----__------...

The cardinality constraint is an intrinsic way to restrict the solution structure in many domains, for example, sparse learning, feature selection, and compressed sensing. To solve a cardinality constrained problem, the key challenge is to solve the projection onto the cardinality constraint set, which is NP-hard in general when there exist multiple overlapped cardiaiality constraints. In this ...