Particulate matter (PM) generated by residential wood combustion is a major environmental concern in Europe. This study focuses on the influence of potassium chloride (KCl) fine particle emissions from modern stove. Wood logs with and without KCl impregnation were subjected to batch emission measurements. A bi-modal number-size distribution characterized nucleation mode an accumulation was iden...

Wood biomass such as sawdust, particles, and chip obtained wood industry can be used raw material for block pallets (CBP). This study evaluated the resistance of made from teak-sawn waste polyurethane adhesive against decay fungi (white-rot brown-rot fungi) subterranean termites. The CBPs with dimensions 9 × cm a target density 0.6 g/cm3 were cold pressed at 9.8 MPa 4 h using several concentrat...

Abstract The increasing swelling pressure of wood filler, occurring during the use a composite material, leads to formation internal microcracks, therefore, reducing hygroscopicity filler is an urgent task. This paper considers preacetylation technology in wood-polymer materials production. Wood particles were acetylated by soaking them acetic anhydride, followed heating vacuum drying cabinet a...

Abstract. Emission of organic aerosol (OA) from wood combustion is not well constrained; understanding the governing factors OA emissions would aid in explaining reported variability. Pyrolysis during process that produces and releases precursors. We performed controlled pyrolysis experiments at representative conditions. The conditions changed were temperature, length, moisture content, type. ...

this research was conducted in the west forest of guilan, northern iran. data from various harvesting methods for 20 years were collected. results showed that, productivity rate of round wood, pulp wood and fuel wood has had an upward trend, while rate of traditional products (lumber, sawn wood, charcoal, etc.) has had a downward trend. production cost has been investigated in this research. th...