This paper presents a methodology to simplify a distribution network, which consists of a number of wind farms equipped with induction generators and MV lines. The methodology leads up to an approximate equivalent network, which consists of an equivalent wind farm and an approximate equivalent MV feeder. The proposed methodology reduces the complexity of an examined Power System and as a result...

Wind power has emerged the last decades as an important technology for low carbon emitting electricity production. The development was first onshore, but recently many wind farms have been developed offshore due to space availability, low noise and visual impacts. Offshore wind farms experiences higher winds resulting in higher production, but investment costs, and operation and maintenance cos...

Population Viability Analysis (PVA) is an appropriate, scarcely used tool to assess potential impacts on population dynamics of man-induced mortality. Therefore, the study of Carrete et al. (2009) is a valuable contribution to the assessment of the impact of wind-farms on birds due to collision mortality. Nevertheless, the results and conclusions presented by the article could create confusion ...

OBJECTIVES Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) can serve as a multidimensional means of evaluating the relationship between the presence of wind turbines in residential areas and their consequence for health. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between the presence of wind farms at different stages of development and the HRQoL of people living in their vi...

Wind farms usually produce power irregularly, due to unpredictable change of wind speed. Accordingly, we should determine the penetration limit of wind power to consider stability of power system and build a facility to control the wind power. The operational limit of wind power is determined as the minimum between the technical limit and the dynamic limit of wind power. The technical limit is ...

The paper describes the result of the research in the fields of supervision, failure detection and prognosis, control, maintenance planning and decision support performed for ensuring high level availability of wind turbines and wind farms. This activity is realized in the frame of the EU 7th Framework project ReliaWind: Reliability focused research on optimizing Wind Energy systems design, ope...

This report reviews the available literature on the aerodynamics of wind turbines and wind farms. Firstly, two introductory chapters are devoted to the physics of the flow around a wind turbine and the existing engineering models for blade and wake aerodynamics. The focus of this work is however on the numerical modeling of wakes. The difficulties in solving the Navier-Stokes equations are disc...

Wind farms are generally located far away from load centers and, to increase the power flow, series capacitors are normally installed to compensate the transmission line reactance. The interaction of the series capacitor with the wind system can cause undamped sub-harmonic (below 60 Hz or 50Hz system frequency) current and voltage oscillations, which can cause serious damage to wind turbine con...

Wind energy is created in mega-sized wind farms situated kilometers off shore. In fact, two possibilities are considered for the transmission system between the offshore wind farm and the onshore grid: high-voltage direct current and high-voltage alternating current. From this point of view, the current paper aims to compare both systems for a 2 GW wind farm situated 80 km from the Point of Com...

The paper describes the result of the research in the fields of supervision, failure detection and prognosis, control, maintenance planning and decision support performed for ensuring high level availability of wind turbines and wind farms. This activity is realized in the frame of the EU 7th Framework project ReliaWind: Reliability focused research on optimizing Wind Energy systems design, ope...