abstract nowadaysphotovoltaic solar cells (pvs) areacknowledged the fastest growing energy technology in the word, however, they only account for only fraction of current global renewable energy capacity. it isrecognized that this incomplete market penetration has been largely a result of the technology’sexcessive cost. so researchers are trying to find innovative, economic way with theaim of ...

The authors of this article try to study a subject which has challenged not only legal society but also human society from the viewpoint of Islamic jurisprudence and law. The article discusses to a person who has been infected with HIV and has a sexual relation with another person intentionally. As a result, a question will be posed: Can a criminal liability be considered for such a person? In ...

abstract this study examines the relationship between reading anxiety and difficulty of texts as well as the relationship between reading anxiety and students perceived difficulty of the texts. since difficulty is a relative concept, i limited its definition by sticking to the readability formula. we also took students perceived difficulty levels into account. therefore, in the present study, ...

abstract this study aimed at investigating the effect of bilingual teaching of cognate words (persian-english) on iranian upper intermediate efl learners’ knowledge of lexical development. for this purpose,100 subjects participated in this study out of which 40 learners were selected for this study and they were assigned into two groups, control and experimental. cross-language cognates (wor...

Because of complications of medical treatments, informing patients about the rate of treatment success, potential risks, and side- effects, is considered as an indispensable part of treatment contracts. Patients' deprivation of this information can be considered as a major obstacle in obtaining informed consent. Clearly treatment without patients' or their legal guardians informed consent may l...

abstract in first part of this project, the use of a new and biguanid-like catalyst supported on silica as a recyclable catalyst provides a new route for the synthesis of a variety of arylalkylidene rhodanine derivatives through knoevenagle reaction in at present of solvent at room temperature. rhodanine derivatives and especially arylalkylidene rhodanines have proven to be attractive compound...