In order to ensure trusted in–field operation of integrated circuits, it is important to develop efficient low–cost techniques to detect malicious tampering (also referred to as Hardware Trojan) that causes undesired change in functional behavior. Conventional post–manufacturing testing, test generation algorithms and test coverage metrics cannot be readily extended to hardware Trojan detection...

TURING Test technologies are promising ways to validate AI systems which may have no alternative way to indicate validity. Human experts (validators) are often too expensive to involve. Furthermore, they often have different opinions from each other and from themselves over time. One way out of this situation is to employ a Validation Knowledge Base (V KB) which can be considered to be the coll...

introduction: retinoic acid (ra), one of the syntetic vitamin a derivatives which has been frequently used as a drug to treat face acne, is known to have specific side effects on the testis, liver, and spleen, it is also known as an oxidative agent in high doses. therefore, we have tried to find a compound which would decrease its side effects. curcumin which is found in the rhizome of turmeric...