The number of users with Wi-Fi-enabled devices now competing for airtime continues to grow at an astonishing rate. Not only is the user base growing, so too is the number of devices, as more and more people whip out their dual mode smartphones for some tasks, while using a laptop or tablet for others. But that is not all. The average airtime demands from each user are also growing, as the mix o...

We study the effect of a disordered or fractal environment in the irreversible dynamics of a harmonic oscillator. Starting from a generalized Langevin equation and using Laplace analysis, we derive exact expressions for the mean values, variances, and velocity autocorrelation function of the particle in terms of generalized Mittag-Leffler functions. The long-time behaviors of these quantities a...

The effect of the Twin Block functional orthodontic appliances is mostly dento-alveolar with small skeletal effect. There are certain clinical indications where functional appliances can be used successfully in class II malocclusion e.g. in a growing patient. The use of these appliances is greatly dependent on the patient's compliance and they simplify the fixed appliance phase. In this case, a...

Digit sucking is a common childhood behavior, which has an adaptive value for children up to the fourth year of life. It is usually associated with oral pleasure and self-comforting behavior. But chronic practice may produce deleterious effect in the form of dental and skeletal deformities. Adjunctive therapy using bluegrass appliance as a permanent reminder and quadhelix appliance as a reminde...

An Automated Rapid Maxillary Expander (ARME), is a specially designed orthodontic appliance to overcome the shortcomings imposed by the traditional butterfly expansion appliance. It operates by automatically widening the maxilla (upper jaw) by expanding the midpalatal suture [1]. This procedure is not feasible after late teenage years due to more rigid facial skeleton features. According to the...

In Part I of this two-part paper, we described the effective gain characteristics of the handset diversity antenna comprising a retractable whip antenna and a built-in planar inverted F antenna (PIFA). In order to achieve a high diversity effect, the correlation between the diversity branches must be small while at the same time maintaining a high effective gain, and this is contained in this p...

Since in living cells DNA is often packaged tightly, for instance, inside phage capsids, DNA condensation has drawn much attention [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] as well as its biochemical/medical importance in the emerging field of gene therapy. In fact, when we put condensing agents as multivalent cations into DNA solution, it can cause DNA to undergo the condensation from a worm-like chain (whip) to tor...

Radio programmes are increasingly available not only from terrestrial networks but also from a large variety of satellite, cable and, indeed, telecommunications networks (e.g. fixed telephone lines, wireless broadband connections and mobile phones). Very often, radio is added to digital television platforms (e.g. DVB-S and DVB-T). Radio receivers are no longer only dedicated hi-fi tuners or por...