As players craft and enact embodiment in digital games, the relationship between social interaction and gender (male/female) versus gender-role identity (masculinity/femininity) remains unclear. This paper examines differences in chat, avatar movement, and avatar appearance among male players who played male and female avatars. Initial analysis reveals that gender-based playstyles are distinct ...

In the 1960s, with the release of the fifth Italian edition of E. Kaufmann’s, prestigious Trattato di Anatomia Patologica Speciale (Vallardi), edited by Alfonso Giordano, the renown Milanese pathologist, I was amazed (puzzled, to say the least) to read struma in the feminine gender: for years I had been taught the term was masculine (lo struma). Even today, many others (like me) have a predilec...

With this research we investigated the real-time electrophysiological correlates of noun–verb agreement checking during the comprehension of correct passive sentences in French. Event-related potentials were acquired while participants read passive sentences that contained covert (singular, masculine) or overt (plural, feminine) noun–verb agreement. Results show that the processing of overtly o...

The dramatic sexual dimorphism in rat hepatic CYPs is determined by gender differences in the circulating GH profiles. Accordingly, each responsive isoform of CYP is induced or suppressed by different components, i.e., signaling elements, in the GH profiles. It was the purpose of this study to determine whether the signaling elements in the sexually dimorphic plasma GH profiles identified in GH...

Gender-typed behaviors and interests were investigated in 26 girls, aged 2-10 years, affected with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and in 26 unaffected girls matched for age. Girls with CAH were more interested in masculine toys and less interested in feminine toys and were more likely to report having male playmates and to wish for masculine careers. Parents of girls with CAH rated their ...

Hofstede's dimension of national culture termed Masculinity-Femininity [. Cultures and organizations: software of the mind. London: McGraw-Hill] is proposed to be of relevance for understanding national-level differences in self-assessed agoraphobic fears. This prediction is based on the classical work of Fodor [. In: V. Franks & V. Burtle (Eds.), Women in therapy: new psychotherapies for a cha...

It is generally assumed that speakers of grammatical gender languages consider grammatical gender arbitrary, but this assumption has never been tested. Research shows that the grammatical gender of nouns can affect perceptions of the masculinity or femininity of the noun's referent in speakers of languages with masculine and feminine noun classes. However, bilingualism facilitates the developme...

This study evaluates issues concerning the potential relationship between androgyny (incorporating both male and female features) and Self-Actualisation (fulfilment of one’s fullest potential) while evaluating their role in feminine and non-feminine occupations. 119 participants (half employed in Traditionally-Feminine occupations and the other half in Non-Feminine jobs) answered the Bem Sex Ro...

This article focuses on dictionary definitions of meanings personal-masculine nouns and personal-feminine motivated by masculine nouns. The contained in the Wielki slownik jezyka polskiego PAN were analyzed, which, depending need, are compared with relevant Uniwersalny polskiego, observations made this regard constitute title glosses to lexicographic practice. that do not (primarily) indicate g...