We build an equilibrium model of a small open economy with labor market frictions and imperfectly enforced regulations. Heterogeneous firms sort into the formal or informal sector. estimate using data from Brazil, use counterfactual simulations to understand how trade affects economic outcomes in presence informality. show that: (1) Trade openness unambiguously decreases informality tradable se...

We explore how credit market frictions matter for the coessentiality of money and credit. Limited commitment calls limits that are tailored according to borrowers' productivity. Under an adverse selection problem caused by asymmetric information, however, lenders impose limit low-productivity borrower onto high-productivity borrower. If productivities differ sufficiently between borrowers, is c...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the current research on trauma-informed child-serving systems. Research on this topic, although sparse, is critically important because most children who come into contact with systems, including the child welfare and juvenile justice systems, have experienced at least one traumatic event. RECENT FINDINGS Very little research has actually been done on this topic ar...

following the failure of economic development and growth policies and dissatisfactions resulting from applying these policies, related discussions to life satisfaction was proposed among various experts. in their opinion, different factors can be effectual on life satisfaction. one of the most important factors is social welfare. this study is a social survey and it has used questionnaire for c...

the scarcity of water resources and supply resources limitation, have caused an increasing gap between water supply and demand specially in recent decades in almost all regions of the globe. one of the best known solutions proposed by the economists is using the different water pricing approaches thereby obtaining the optimal allocation and social justice. to this purpose, this paper uses the p...

I identify here important changes in how retailing functions are performed due to the penetration of the digital economy. First, in the distribution of goods for final consumption the same functions as before are performed independently of stores and their location. Second, in the distribution of inputs for household production of services the core products that consumers pay for explicitly are...

........................................................................................................................................................... 45 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 47 MATERIALS AND METHODS .......................................................