background: manual load lifting is the most common and stressful activity that imposes high biomechanical pressures on the body, particularly on the back. diverse studies have shown that load lifting can cause work-related musculoskeletal disorders among workers. this study was conducted to assess manual lifting activity using niosh equation and wisha index and compare the results of the two me...

In lifting tasks involving manual material handling the coupling component relates to the quality of the hand-toobject interface (grip). Good coupling is theorized to reduce lifting and grip stress, whereas poor coupling is theorized to increase lifting and grip stress. Choosing to lift with one hand is a decision often made by the worker. Understanding the metabolic demand of one-handed liftin...

When repetitively lifting an object with randomly varying mechanical properties, the fingertip forces reflect the previous lift. We examined the specificity of this "sensorimotor memory" by observing the effects of an isolated pinch on the subsequent lift of a known object. In this case, the pinch force was unrelated to the fingertip forces necessary to grip the object efficiently. The peak gri...

Ground reaction forces (GRFs) are often used in inverse dynamics analyses to determine joint loading. These GRFs are usually measured using force plates (FPs). As an alternative, instrumented force shoes (FSs) can be used, which have the advantage over FPs that they do not constrain foot placement. This study tested the FS system in one normal weight subject (77kg) performing 19 different lifti...

purpose: low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, and lifting is one of its risk factors. the activities of lumbar muscles as the main muscles involved in lifting are important with regard to identification of the allowable limits and the injury mechanisms as well as the motor control aspects. this study aimed to investigate the effects of the lifting speed on the lumb...

OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study has been qualitative investigation of the effects of external loading on the lumbar extension moment during squat lifting. Findings of this study may allow to determine the factor with the most considerable effect on the lumbar extension moment and may help determine the lumbar spine risk factors at temporo-spatial coordination during squat lifting. ...

We provide the main results of a deformation theory of smooth formal schemes as defined in [2]. Smoothness is defined by the local existence of infinitesimal liftings. Our first result is the existence of an obstruction in a certain Ext group whose vanishing guarantees the existence of global liftings of morphisms. Next, given a smooth morphism f0 : X0 → Y0 of noetherian formal schemes and a cl...

In this paper we study how the visual animation of a self-avatar can be artificially modified in real-time in order to generate different haptic perceptions. In our experimental setup, participants could watch their self-avatar in a virtual environment in mirror mode while performing a weight lifting task. Users could map their gestures on the self-animated avatar in real-time using a Kinect. W...