abstract large-scale mortality of in vitro raisedplantlets occurred during acclimatization, i.e. glasshouse hardening, and later at field transfer still has remained as a significant bottleneck in micropropagation. the usefulness potential of some arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) to minimize mortality rate of three commercial grape rootstock genotypes during glasshouse acclimatization was stu...

The effect of tobacco etch virus (TEV) (Genus: Potyvirus, Family: Potyviridae) on growth and yield of Capsicum chinense Jacquin cv. ‘Scotch Bonnet’ and ‘West Indian Red’ peppers was investigated. Peppers were manually inoculated at 7, 28 and 56-57 days after transplanting (DAT), which corresponded with early vegetative stage, onset of flowering and completion of first stage of flowering, respec...

Verticillium dahliae Kleb. the causal agent of vascular wilt is an important pathogen of olive trees in growing areas of the world. Nine-month-old nursery olives including ‘Bladi’, ‘Conservalia’, ‘Kalamon’, ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Manzanilla’, ‘Mission’, ‘Marry’, ‘Picual’, ‘Rowghani’, ‘Sevillana’ and ‘Zard’ cultivars were root-dip inoculated with a defoliating (VCG1) isolate of V. dahliae obtained from d...

BACKGROUND "Brachyspira hampsonii", discovered in North America in 2010 associated with dysentery-like illness, is an economically relevant swine pathogen resulting in decreased feed efficiency and increased morbidity, mortality and medication usage. "B. hampsonii" clade II strain 30446 has been shown to be causally associated with mucohemorrhagic diarrhea and colitis. Our objectives were to de...