In an open-air setting, one source of fluctuations in a T-ray (THz) pulsed signal is attributed to water vapor. Fluctuations of this type are generally undesired, and so the water vapor is commonly removed in a closed chamber. Yet, in some applications a closed chamber is not feasible. This paper presents a preliminary study on a computational means to address the problem. Initially, the comple...

Water vapor diffusion through the soil is an important part in the total water flux in the unsaturated zone of arid or semiarid regions and has several significant agricultural and engineering applications because soil moisture contents near the surface are relatively low. Water vapor diffusing through dry soil is absorbed for both long and short terms. Long-term absorption allows more water to...

BACKGROUND Practitioners often presume there is adequate humidification in the ventilator circuit if the Y-piece is at a specified temperature, but control of Y-piece temperature may be inadequate to ensure adequate humidification. METHODS In an in vitro bench model we measured water-vapor delivery with several heated humidification setups and a wide range of minute volume (V (E)) values. The...

The suitability of the X-ray microtomographic technique to study the dynamics of vapor adsorption on carbon beds was assessed in this work. This technique was tested using three different systems: CH3I, water vapor and a mixture of waterand organic vapors. Image analysis of the carbon bed cross-sections obtained by X-ray microtomography allows determining the adsorption front progress in the ca...

new edible composite films formed from salep (orchis mascula) and 10%, 20%, and 30% (w/w) oleic acid were prepared by emulsification with the aim of improving the water vapor barrier and mechanical properties of the film. as oleic acid concentration increased up to 30% (w/w), oxygen permeability (27%), elongation at break (86%) and thickness (2%) of salep films increased significantly and the t...

The total mass of the atmosphere varies mainly from changes in water vapor loading; the former is proportional to global mean surface pressure and the water vapor component is computed directly from specific humidity and precipitable water using the 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analyses (ERA-40). Their difference, the mass of the dry atmosphere, is estimat...

This work focuses on the interaction of water vapor with ionic liquids (ILs) consisting of [CnMIM] + (n = 2, 4, or 6) cations paired with Cl− or BF4 − anions to examine the effect of alkyl chain length on IL hygroscopicity. Tandem nanodifferential mobility analysis (TDMA) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATRFTIR) spectroscopy were used to study IL nanoparticles and t...

Further analysis has been made on the millimeter and submillimeter-wave (100–1600 GHz or 3 mm – 188 μm) atmospheric opacity data taken with the Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) at Pampa la Bola, 4800 m above sea level in northern Chile, which is the site of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Time-sequence plots of millimeter and submillimeter-wave opacities show simila...

legumes are rich sources of protein and consider a good alternative to make a protein films. in this study, central composite design to investigate the simultaneously effect of the grasspea protein isolates (2 - 10 percent), glycerol (0.5 - 7%) and oleic acid (0 - 2%) on properties of edible films made from grasspea protein isolates, such as thickness, density, percentage of solubility in water...