Pressures from growing demands and shrinking supplies have reached a critical junction in major global resources, particularly water, energy, food (WEF). Recognizing the complex interaction across those highly interconnected nexus concept evolved to boost efficiencies all pillars. Several modeling efforts tried capture complexity of this problem, but most attempts captured only one or two pilla...

Abstract. The previous comparative studies on watersheds were mostly based the comparison of dispersive characteristics, which lacked systemicity and causality. We proposed a causal structure-based framework for basin Bayesian network (BN) focus basin-scale water–energy–food–ecology (WEFE) nexus. applied it to Syr Darya River (SDB) Amu (ADB), poor water management caused Aral Sea disaster. caus...