In recent years there has been a significant increase in the development and application of ever more sophisticated multi-dimensional models for solving the hydrodynamic and constituent transport equations which govern the flushing of pollution. However, advanced numerical modelling techniques can sometimes be augmented by alternative mathematical approaches which use simplified analytical solu...

As the largest developing country in the world, China has achieved rapid economic development, averaging an annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate of 10% over the past two decades. But this success comes at the cost of deterioration of the environment. China's environmental problems, including outdoor and indoor air pollution, water shortages and pollution, desertification, and soil po...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has reported that over 45 percent of the nation's waterbodies are impaired and has identified nonpoint sources as the major contributors to water quality problems. Although federal and state government agencies have largely controlled pollution from point sources through infrastructure grants and permit programs, few statutes and regulations target...

abstract aims: the chemical elements in water resources, especially groundwater, can affect the water consumption purposes. the aim of this study was to evaluate the status of the overall pollution level of ground water of qaleeh shahin plain with respect to heavy metals by cd and hei methods. instrument & methods: this cross-sectional semi-experimental study was conducted in sarpol-e zahab tow...

a student-centric research education program with the active participation of undergraduate students is initiated. the aim is to imbibe ―responsible citizenship behavior‖ in them so that each member becomes conscious and well trained to take up environmental-related issues and challenges for long-term sustainability of the ecosystem. in this work, we report spectrophotometer-based estimation of...

background: the increasing use of nanomaterials and nanoproducts has increased the possibility of contamination of the environment, which may have adverse effects on different organisms. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of silver nanoparticles on histopathology and gill ultrastructure of zebrafish (danio rerio) under laboratory conditions. methods: zebrafish were exposed to fou...

background: the removal of ethylbenzene and xylene at a concentration of 10 mg/l from aqueous solutions by single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnt and mwcnt, respectively) and hybrid carbon nanotubes (hcnt) was evaluated at a nanomaterials dose of 1 g/l, a contact time of 10 minutes, and a ph 7. methods: synthetic samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms). i...

the objective of the study was to investigate pollution sources in the Vilnia river and evaluate the toxicity of sewage, contamination of the Vilnia river water and bottom sediments, using a complex of biological methods. toxicity was assessed by use of various indices of test-organisms: seed germination and root growth in Lepidium sativum l., and mortality and physiological indices in early on...

Wet-collector systems, designed and operated for air-pollution control without concern for or con­ sideration of the stream-pollution effects of their liquid-borne wastes, may cause significant localized pollution of surface and ground water bodies. Wet­ collector systems can be designed with presently known technology to decrease contaminants in effluent outfalls to acceptable levels. Increasi...