a water distribution network is subjected to various abnormal conditions such as pipe breaks, pump failures, excessive demands etc. in the design period. under such conditions, the network may not be able to meet required demands at desired pressures, and becomes deficient. traditional network analysis assumes nodal demands to be satisfied and available nodal pressures are calculated. however, ...

hydraulics of stepped spillway is a very complicated phenomenon, as it consists of a two phase flow passing through a set of designed steps. the steps increase the rate of energy dissipation taking place on the spillway face. turbulence, flow aeration and energy dissipation are the main tasks in the design of such structures. this study consists of the experimental investigation to determine th...

reliable estimates of river stream fl ow and fl ood zoning maps are needed for water resourcesmanagement such as fl ood mitigation, water supply, dam construction and irrigation. flood zoning needsaccurate data and is one of the non-structural fl ood management methods. this paper describes theapplication of hec-ras and gis model to determine fl oodplains maps for the part of sardabrud rivertha...

Steam-water flow exists in most geothermal reservoirs where steam-water capillary pressure plays an important role in controlling fluid distribution, transfer of liquid between fracture and matrix, well productivity, and even the reserves. However, it is very difficult to measure steam-water capillary pressure due to the phase transformation and the significant mass transfer between the two pha...

A high-resolution, unstructured grid, finite-volume algorithm is developed for unsteady, two-dimensional, shallow-water flow and scalar transport over arbitrary topography with wetting and drying. The algorithm uses a grid of triangular cells to facilitate grid generation and localized refinement when modeling natural waterways. The algorithm uses Roe’s approximate Riemann solver to compute flu...

Vertical soil water flow is analyzed for steady-state conditions through stratified profiles. All steady-state conditions are considered including upward flow (evaporation) and downward flow (infiltration) for an arbitrary number of layers of different materials. An algorithm is developed utilizing both analytical and numerical techniques, but perhaps more importantly, the framework provides a ...

although several papers have studied no-idle scheduling problems, they all focus on flow shops, assuming one processor at each working stage. but, companies commonly extend to hybrid flow shops by duplicating machines in parallel in stages. this paper considers the problem of scheduling no-idle hybrid flow shops. a mixed integer linear programming model is first developed to mathematically form...