This paper presents a tool for the analysis of conversion of organic waste into energy. The tool is a program that uses waste characterization parameters and mass flow rates at each stage of the waste treatment process to predict the given products. The specific waste treatment process analysed in this paper is anaerobic digestion. The different waste treatment stages of the anaerobic digestion...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the initial therapy recommended for patients with high likelihood of choledocholithiasis. To determine whether endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) can prevent diagnostic ERCPs in patients with high probability of choledocholithiasis and inconclusive ultrasonography (US). METHODS All patients with high likelihood of choledoc...

The proper management of oily sludge from petroleum products storage tanks is necessary because inappropriate methods for dredging of tanks may result in high costs and increased environmental pollution. The purpose of the current study is to rank the strategies outlined by strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis using data envelopment analysis model, which provides enriched i...

Improvement of sludge dewaterability is important for reducing the total costs for the treatment and disposal of sludge in wastewater treatment plants. In this study, we investigate the use of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing reagent for the conditioning of waste activated sludge. Significant improvement to sludge dewaterability was attained after the addition of hydrogen peroxide at 30 mg/g T...

BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat in veterinary medicine and human healthcare. Resistance genes can spread from animals, through the food-chain, and back to humans. Sewage sludge may act as the link back from humans to animals. The main aims of this study were to investigate the occurrence of vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) in treated sewage sludge, in a Swedish was...

The potential of using Effective Microorganisms (EM) to purify waste water, including that of a sewage system, for recycling purposes was evaluated. The studies were extended to examine the potential of using treated sewage sludge as a fertilizer in crop production. Long term application of EM reduced the adverse characteristics of waste water. The quality of the treated water was high, which i...

The disposal of industrial wastes is a problem of increasing importance throughout the world. Sludge from paper mills are produced in large quantities in most industrial nations of the world today due to the large usage of paper, constitute one of our most serious environmental problems. Paper mill sludge has substantially little usage as a material that can be employed in other industrial appl...

Following the Kyoto protocol with respect to reducing emissions of greenhouse gases emissions, and EU energy policy and sustainability in waste management, there has been an increased interest in the reduction of emissions from waste disposal operations. From the point of view of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, waste incineration and waste co-combustion are very acceptable methods for waste disp...

In a large-scale pilot plant, studies on wet-mechanical treatment of bottom ash using the SYNCOM-Plus process were carried out by MARTIN GmbH in the SYNCOM waste-toenergy plant in Arnoldstein, Austria (approx. 11000 kg/h waste throughput). Granulate of > 2 mm and fine fraction of < 5 mm were produced by dry screening, washing and wet screening. Additionally, sludge was separated from the wash w...

Organic products generated from waste activated sludge hydrolysis and fermentation process could be used as supplementary carbon source for enhanced biological nutrient removal. However, accompanied with organics production, large amount of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and soluble orthophosphorus (SOP) released, which would be negative to the reutilization of sludge carbon source. In this study, b...