BACKGROUND Genetic variants of the enzyme that metabolizes warfarin, cytochrome P-450 2C9 (CYP2C9), and of a key pharmacologic target of warfarin, vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1), contribute to differences in patients' responses to various warfarin doses, but the role of these variants during initial anticoagulation is not clear. METHODS In 297 patients starting warfarin therapy, we asse...

AIMS Although genetic, clinical and demographic factors have been shown to explain approximately half of the inter-individual variability in warfarin dose requirement in adults, less is known about causes of dose variability in children. This study aimed to identify and quantify major genetic, clinical and demographic sources of warfarin dose variability in children using modelling and simulati...

OBJECTIVES Point-of-care, home international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring (patient self-testing, or PST) provides an opportunity to optimize warfarin therapy as demonstrated in randomized trials. This study sought to determine the quality of warfarin therapy as determined by time in therapeutic INR range (TTR) in patients who perform home monitoring outside of a clinical trial setting. S...

BACKGROUND Although warfarin remains the anticoagulant drug of choice in a wide range of patients, its narrow therapeutic window makes patients susceptible to a high risk of bleeding complications or failure to prevent clotting. This has necessitated therapeutic monitoring in warfarinised patients. Factors that could be responsible for the fluctuating responses to warfarin vary from pharmacogen...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Current American Heart Association/American Stroke Association guidelines identify warfarin use as a class IA indication in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA). However, few studies have examined factors associated with long-term antithrombotic therapy use in IS/TIA patients with AF. METHODS We utilized the ...

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with a high risk of stroke are recommended anticoagulation with warfarin. However, the benefit of warfarin is dependent upon time spent within the target therapeutic range (TTR) of their international normalised ratio (INR) (2.0 to 3.0). AF patients possess limited knowledge of their disease and warfarin treatment and this can impact on INR control. ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation (BAATAF) demonstrated that low-intensity warfarin anticoagulation can, with safety, sharply reduce the rate of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. The beneficial effect of warfarin was presumably related to a decrease in clot formation in the cardiac atria and subsequent embolization. MET...

Background and Purpose: The Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation (BAATAF) demonstrated that low-intensity warfarin anticoagulation can, with safety, sharply reduce the rate of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. The beneficial effect of warfarin was presumably related to a decrease in clot formation in the cardiac atria and subsequent embolization. Meth...

BACKGROUND There is a lack of consensus regarding the risk of postoperative hemorrhage in patients on antithrombotic therapy who undergo endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).We examined postoperative bleeding rates and risk factors for postoperative hemorrhage from post-ESD gastric ulcers in patients on antithrombotic therapy. METHODS The subjects of this study were 833 patients who underwe...

Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist that genetic and non-genetic factors affected on its doserequirement in the patients with cardio vascular disease. The aim of this study was whetherthe APOE and VKORC1 polymorphisms influence on warfarin dose requirements in the partof Iranian patients. Blood samples were collected from 86 warfarin-treated patients. Afterextraction of genomic DNA, the VKORC1 (...