BACKGROUND Clarity of the transplanted tissue and restoration of visual acuity are the two primary metrics for evaluating the success of corneal transplantation. Participation of the transplanted eye in habitual binocular viewing is seldom evaluated post-operatively. In unilateral corneal disease, the transplanted eye may remain functionally inactive during binocular viewing due to its suboptim...

BACKGROUND The USee device is a new self-refraction tool that allows users to determine their own refractive error. We evaluated the ease of use of USee in adults, and compared the refractive error correction achieved with USee to clinical manifest refraction. METHODS Sixty adults with uncorrected visual acuity <20/30 and spherical equivalent between -6.00 and +6.00 diopters completed manifes...

In a proportional contact representation of a planar graph, each vertex is represented by a simple polygon with area proportional to a given weight, and edges are represented by adjacencies between the corresponding pairs of polygons. In this paper we study proportional contact representations that use rectilinear polygons without wasted areas (white space). In this setting, the best known algo...

Congenital idiopathic nystagmus is usually associated with poor vision which has generally proved resistant to treatment. This study reports the use of contact lenses in 8 patients, 5 of whom achieved an improvement in their visual acuity of 3 lines on the Snellen's chart.

OBJECTIVE This article reports on a study that used contact lenses to simulate the effects of a visual impairment caused by age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). The primary objective was to examine the feasibility of using this method of simulation. A secondary objective was to compare the results from this experiment with those obtained from ARMD patients (n = 209) using generic preference...

Lateral current injection (LCI) lasers are promising candidates for optoelectronic integration and novel functional devices. We investigate experimentally the performance of a new class of LCI lasers with improved operating characteristics, focusing in particular on regions of agreement and disagreement with our physical model. We then employ fully selfconsistent two-dimensional modeling in ord...

Abstract This article is concerned with a general class of stochastic spatial models for the dynamics of opinions. Like in the voter model, individuals are located on the vertex set of a connected graph and update their opinion at a constant rate based on the opinion of their neighbors. However, unlike in the voter model, the set of opinions is represented by the set of vertices of another conn...

AIM To ascertain the utility values of myopic teenage students in Singapore. METHODS Children (n=699) aged 15-18 years with myopia (spherical equivalent (SE) at least -0.5 dioptres (D)) in two high schools in Singapore were recruited. Information on time trade-off (years of life willing to sacrifice for treatment of myopia) and standard gamble for blindness (risk of blindness from therapy wil...

Disease spread in most biological populations requires the proximity of agents. In populations where the individuals have spatial mobility, the contact graph is generated by the “collision dynamics” of the agents, and thus the evolution of epidemics couples directly to the spatial dynamics of the population. We first briefly review the properties and the methodology of an agent-based simulation...

The population of Kosrae has changed dramatically since its first contact with non-Micronesian societies nearly two hundred years ago. Some of the greatest changes occurred during the nineteenth century, when diseases introduced by outsiders nearly eradicated the native population. More recently the number of Kosrae residents has grown, the rapid increases during the twentieth century producing...