We demonstrate the presence of animal personality in an inter-tidal gastropod, Littorina littorea, both in a sample of individuals infected by the trematode Cryptocotyle lingua and in an uninfected sample. On average infected individuals behaved more cautiously than individuals free of infection, but the parasite did not affect repeatability. Although the parasite is not associated with greater...

An experiment to study the feasibility of intercropping the short duration agronomical crops in periwinkle was conducted at Nagarjun Medicinal Plants Garden, P.K.V. Akola during 1988 - 89, 89 - 90 and 90 - 91. The highest monetary return of Rs. 15,604/ per hectare was obtained from an intercropping system of periwinkle and groundnut is row proportion of 2:1.

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful metals, being toxic to most animal species, including marine invertebrates. Among marine gastropods, the periwinkle (Littorina littorea) in particular can accumulate high amounts of Cd in its midgut gland. In this organ, the metal can elicit extensive cytological and tissue-specific alterations that may reach, depending on the intensity of Cd exposure, fr...