background and objectives: this study was designed to investigate the association between parental behavior and the dietary intake of tehranian preschool children aged 2-6 years. materials and methods: in a cross-sectional study conducted on 310 children aged 2-6 years from the kindergartens of 22 districts of tehran, a qualitative validated 85-item food frequency questionnaire was completed by...

objective: losing weight in consequence of appetite loss can be a sign of a serious underlying condition. currently, the most widely prescribed medication for anorexia is cyproheptadine hydrochloride. however, the clinical use of cyproheptadine hydrochloride is limited by its side effects. in iranian traditional medicine, coriandrum sativum stimulates the appetite. therefore, the effect of cori...

this study investigated the effects of the dietary supplementation of zizyphus mauritianaleaf meal (zlm) on the performance of yankasa lambs. twenty five lambs aged between 6 and 8 months were randomly divided into five groups of five animals each in a completely randomized design to receive supplementary diets containing 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% zlm as replacement for cotton seed cake in concentr...

this study was conducted to investigate the possible involvement of the histaminergic system in themediation of ghrelin-induced feeding behavior in broiler chickens. in the trial 1, the effect ofintracerebroventricular (icv) injection of ghrelin on feed intake was examined in 3-h feed-deprived broilerchickens. in the trials 2 and 3, the chickens were received icv chlorpheniramine (an h1 recepto...

b a ckground:  obesity is recognized as a major public-health problem, which has reached epidemic proportions, in both developed and developing countries. the purpose  of   this   survey  is   to   study  effects  of   gastric  bypass  surgery  at micronutrients and macronutrients intake on patients with morbid obesity. m et h o ds :   this quasi-experimental study was conducted on 21    patien...

materials and methods a total of 40 different bread types such as barbari, sangak, lavash, and baguette produced in 124 bakery shops in rasht city were analyzed for some heavy metals (as, cd, pb, cr, ni, and co) by inductive coupled plasma (icp) instrument (icp-qes). results the mean content of the as, cd, and pb in different breads were respectively as follows: barbari, 0, 0.73, and 0.07; sang...

the hydrodynamic behavior of approaching flow and the amount of sediment entry into right-angled lateral intakes in diversion dams were investigated using a laboratory channel by experimental measurement and observation. the velocity field upstream of the intake in the main channel and before it at the sluice gate was measured at different elevations of flow at different discharge rates of the ...

With economies of scale, a vertically integrated firm can lower its upstream cost by supplying downstream competitors. The competitors may strategically choose not to purchase from the integrated firm, unless the latter’s price for the intermediate good is sufficiently lower than those of alternative suppliers. In a simple model of dynamic scale economies through learning by doing, equilibrium ...

This document describes an application programming interface and a corresponding protocol (MGCP) for controlling Voice over IP (VoIP) Gateways from external call control elements. The MGCP assumes a call control architecture where the call control ’intelligence’ is outside the gateways and handled by external call control elements. Arango, Dugan, Elliott, Huitema, Pickett [Page 1] draft-huitema...

We investigate criteria to relate specifications and implementations belonging to conceptually different levels of abstraction. For this purpose, we introduce the generic concept of a vertical implementation relation, which is a family of binary relations indexed by a refinement function that maps abstract actions onto concrete processes and thus determines the basic connection between the abst...