The noise characteristics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting (VCSE) lasers are studied by using the Langevin rate equations modified suitably to include the enhanced spontaneous emission occurring in such microcavity lasers. The intensity and frequency noise spectra show the effects induced by suppression of relaxation oscillations. However, such a suppression depends on the output power as we...

During voluntary jaw clenching, a sharp tap to the menton of the mandible resulted in a transitory silent period (pause) in the electromyographic activity of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. Factors that could influence the duration of the silent period were studied, including direction and magnitude of the stimulus applied by the operator, the amount of muscular effort exerted by ...

In one-dimensional case the search for presence of the anomalous phenomena in multiplicity distributions is usually performed in frame of the horizontal, vertical and mixed types of the analysis. We show that if the data involve a d-dimensional phase space, there exists a convenient procedure, generalizing the one-dimensional approach, which allows to introduce more non-trivial types of the ana...

A new upper bound on the rate of vertical heat transport is established in 3 dimensions for stress-free velocity boundary conditions on horizontally periodic plates. For large (but finite) Prandtl numbers this bound is an improvement over the ‘ultimate’ Ra scaling and in the limit of infinite Pr, agrees with the bound of Ra recently derived in that limit. keywords: Rayleigh-Bénard convection, B...

This report presents enhancements to STRUCTVIEW, a vehicle-based system for the measurement of roadway structure profiles. This second-generation system uses a scanning laser rangefinder to measure various structure and roadway features from a vehicle traveling at highway speed. Measurement capabilities include horizontal and vertical clearances, which can be used to support issuing permits bas...

Table 1 Classical constant-field scaling rules and consequences. 1. CLASSICAL CMOS SCALING Voltages Vth, VDS 1/α Dimensions Lateral and vertical 1/α Electric field V/L, V/d const. Conductance I/V const. Capacitance 1/α Speed I/CV α Switching energy CV 1/α Power/gate CVf 1/α Transistor density 1/L α Power density const. The essential aspects of CMOS digital circuit behavior can be understood by ...

Towards overcoming the size limitations of conventional two-photon fluorescence microscopy, we introduce two-photon imaging based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanners. Single crystalline silicon scanning mirrors that are 0.75 mm x 0.75 mm in size and driven in two dimensions by microfabricated vertical comb electrostatic actuators can provide optical deflection angles through a ran...