Earthen structures have an important representation among the UNESCO World Heritage List sites as well built environment in general. Unfortunately, earthen heritage are also numerous within of Danger whereas other existing common extremely vulnerable to seismic and climate change events. Within field conservation, structural analysis contributes safety evaluation structure, diagnosis causes dam...

For 2000 years, the inter-connexion between the specific structure of the Chinese eastern climates and the cultural background have produced remarkable vernacular housing types, both well adapted to the local conditions, and reflecting consistent values and knowledge. Stemming from a similar archetypal form, each house plan is translated through the specificity of the climate and resources of i...

The corpus of accounts by European travelers who visited Armenia (Fig. 1), extracted from A. Marouti's research, as well various writings authors - Armenian architects during the Russian then Soviet period will serve a starting point for this research. Its objective is to put two questions in parallel: what consideration vernacular constructions genuine architectures Armenia; and how interest s...

reverse addressing is an interesting realization of kinship terms in interactive, face to face communication. this descriptive study was proposed to examine the use of family address pronouns in iran as a function of the classical sociological parameters of age, sex, and social distance. it investigated various aspects of reverse addressing as a vernacular phenomenon. data were reported from th...