Drylands cover 41% of the terrestrial surface and support > 36% of the world’s population. However, the magnitude of dryland degradation is unknown at regional and global spatial scales and at 15–30-yr temporal scales. Historical archives of > 30 yr of Landsat satellite imagery exist and allow local to global monitoring and assessment of a landscape’s natural resources in response to climatic e...

The impact of large herbivores on ecosystems before modern human activities is an open question in ecology and conservation. For Europe, the controversial wood-pasture hypothesis posits that grazing by wild large herbivores supported a dynamic mosaic of vegetation structures at the landscape scale under temperate conditions before agriculture. The contrasting position suggests that European tem...

Floodplain wetlands are among the most dynamic ecosystems on Earth, featuring high biodiversity and productivity. They also sensitive to anthropogenic disturbances globally threatened. Understanding how flow regime drives spatiotemporal dynamics of wetland habitats is fundamental effective conservation practices. In this study, using Landsat imagery random forest (RF) machine learning algorithm...

[1] The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation, fAPAR, is an important biophysical characteristic in models of gas exchange between the terrestrial boundary layer and the atmosphere, as well as in the analysis of vegetation productivity. Synoptic estimation of fAPAR has been performed by using NDVI as a linear proxy of fAPAR, despite the saturation of NDVI at fAPAR beyond 0.7....

[1] Many subtropical regions are expected to become drier due to climate change. This will lead to reduced vegetation which may in turn amplify the initial drying. Using a coupled atmosphere-ocean-land model with a dynamic vegetation component that predicts surface albedo change, here we simulate the climate change from 1901 to 2099 with CO2 and other forcings. In a standard IPCC-style simulati...

A 59-year-old man who had a history of kidney transplantation and progressive renal insufficiency during the previous several months presented with pulmonary edema and staphylococcal sepsis. His past medical history included hypertension, diabetes, and mild aortic stenosis, which had been detected by echocardiography 1 month earlier during the evaluation of a heart murmur. Transesophageal echoc...