Introduction We aimed to investigate irrigation and drainage characteristics of commercially available urethral catheters and determined which catheter offers the best flow characteristics. Material and methods Twelve different commercially available urethral catheters from three companies (Bard™, Rusch™ and Dover™) were investigated to compare their irrigation and drainage properties. Irriga...

drought, known as one of the serious natural disasters, has adversely affected climatic equilibrium of the countries during recent years, bringing about various economic and social losses. the purpose followed in this study was to assess the effective factors involved in the adoption of the type of management wheat farmers of varamin township choose to alleviate the situation. the methodologica...

carob moth, ectomyelois ceratoniae zeller (lep.: pyralidae) is considered as the most important pest of pomegranate in iran causing serious damages up to 80% at pre and post harvesting stages. in this study larval parasitoids of carob moth were collected from three regions of production sites of pomegrante namely: varamin, qom, and saveh during 2007. eight species were collected from varamin, 7...

Abstract The study demonstrates the implementation of Jaya Algorithm (JA) to optimize Irrigation Pipe Distribution Network (IPDN) for networks Kanhan Branch Pench project, Maharashtra, India. In present work, two case studies with their different sizes are designed using Critical Path Method (CPM). pipe diameters thus obtained in CPM optimized optimization techniques, viz. linear programming (L...

The role of agriculture in society is vital due to factors such as providing food for the population, a major source employment worldwide, and one most important sources revenue countries. Furthermore, recent years, interest optimizing use water resources has increased aspects climate change. This led introduction technology fields by means sensor networks that allow remote monitoring control c...

As the global population and economy grow rapidly, demand for accessible freshwater sources also increases to meet rising consumption. However, this has resulted in several challenges, such as water crisis, drought, scarcity of resources. To address issue, many farmers worldwide rely on traditional irrigation systems despite their high Therefore, there is a need improve usage efficacy irrigated...

to better understand the potential for improving biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency (rUE) of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes, in 2006–2007 and 2007–2008, an experiment was conducted at the luancheng Experimental Station of Chinese academy of Science to study the effects of deficit irrigation regimes on the photosynthetic active radiation (Par), biomass accumulation,...