The maximum height of a siphon is generally assumed to be dependent on barometric pressure-about 10 m at sea level. This limit arises because the pressure in a siphon above the upper reservoir level is below the ambient pressure, and when the height of a siphon approaches 10 m, the pressure at the crown of the siphon falls below the vapour pressure of water causing water to boil breaking the co...

BACKGROUND Asthma exacerbations attended in emergency departments show a marked seasonality in the paediatric age. This seasonal pattern can change from one population to another and the factors involved are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between meteorological factors and schooling with asthma exacerbations in children attended in the paediatric emergency departmen...

The vapour pressure and the thermal stability of liquids are important material properties. For high boiling organic and ionic liquids (ILs), the determination of these properties is laborious and it is not easy to discriminate between evaporation and thermal decomposition. In this work, a simple but accurate method is presented to determine the parameters of decomposition and evaporation by th...

Water vapour is one of the most important greenhouse gases. Long-term changes in the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere need to be monitored not only for its direct role as a greenhouse gas but also because of its role in amplifying other feedbacks such as clouds and albedo. In recent decades, monitoring of water vapour on a regular and continuous basis has become possible as a result of ...

A proper understanding of factors affecting evaporation and drift losses in sprinkle irrigation is important for developing water conservation strategies. For estimating drift and evaporation losses during the set sprinkler irrigation event, several outdoor single-sprinkler and block irrigation tests have been conducted. Various sprinkler±nozzle±riser height combinations were used and the varia...

A new kinetic model for heating and evaporation of Diesel fuel droplets is suggested. The model is based on the introduction of the kinetic region in the immediate vicinity of the heated and evaporating droplets, where the dynamics of molecules are described in terms of the Boltzmann equations for vapour components and air, and the hydrodynamic region. The effects of finite thermal conductivity...

A three-dimensional radar simulator model (RSM) developed by Haase (1998) is coupled with the nonhydrostatic mesoscale weather forecast model Lokal-Modell (LM). The radar simulator is able to model reflectivity measurements by using the following meteorological fields, generated by Lokal Modell, as inputs: temperature, pressure, water vapour content, cloud water content, cloud ice content, rain...