In order to optimize the micropropagation of Qare-Qat (Vaccinium arctostaphylus J.J.Sm), samples were collected from two regions of Iran (Asalem and Kelardasht). Anderson (AN) media containing different concentrations of zeatin (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg L-1) and different levels of pH (4.5, 5 and 5.5) were compared. The in vitro shoots were transferred on AN media supplemented with zeatin (1 and 2...

The effect of berry phenolics such as anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and proanthocyanidins from raspberry (Rubus idaeus), black currant (Ribes nigrum), and cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus) and byproducts of deoiling processes rich in phenolics such as rapeseed (Brassica rapa L.), camelina (Camelina sativa), and soy (Glycine max L.) as well as scots pine bark (Pinus sylvestris) was investigated in ...

Bioconversion can enhance the functionality of efficacy. We made bioconversion material with black rice (Oryza sativa L.) and blueberry (Vaccinium crymbosum L.), using Lactobacillus plantarum (call BB). In this study, BB investigated anti-inflammatory immune-boosting effects through immune system control. Therefore, we efficacy in presence absence LPS (Lipopolysaccharide). LPS, inhibited nitric...

Phytophthora ramorum is a destructive pathogen of oak and tanoak in California and Oregon (10,31,33) and also causes disease symptoms on a large number of other plant species (7,15). Quarantines have been in place since 2001 to prevent the spread of P. ramorum from infested areas (1,28). A federal order went into effect on 10 January 2005 in response to detections of P. ramorum in California, O...