This protocol describes how to mutagenize spores and protonemal tissue from moss (Physcomitrella patens) using chemicals or ultraviolet (UV) light. Spores are mutagenized using the alkylating agents N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), and protonemal tissue is mutagenized with NTG and UV light. Compared to alkylating agents, UV is less effective as a muta...

The aim of this investigation was to study the efficacy of the combined processes of UV light and mild temperatures for the inactivation of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica and to explore the mechanism of inactivation. The doses to inactivate the 99.99% (4D) of the initial population ranged from 18.03 (Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium STCC 878) to 12.75 J ml(-1) (Salmonella enterica s...

Recently, the application of ultraviolet (UV) curable monomers to human nails, (also known as UV gel nails) has become a popular decoration technique for women’s nails. However, the unreacted layer, the depletion of residual monomers from the cured UV gel nails, which can cause allergy and asthma, and the increase in temperature during curing process, are major concerns. In this study, the thic...

Sunlight provides the necessary energy for plant growth via photosynthesis but high light and particular its integral ultraviolet (UV) part causes stress potentially leading to serious damage to DNA, proteins, and other cellular components. Plants show adaptation to environmental stresses, sometimes referred to as "plant memory." There is growing evidence that plants memorize exposure to biotic...

Hatching success was examined under exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) using filters to give three different light conditions [C1: UV-B, UV-A and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), C2: UV-A and PAR, C3: PAR] in red Pagrus major and black Acanthopagrus schlegeli sea bream. Hatching rate of both species was reduced by an exposure over a 2 day period to UVR and was not significa...

Drinking water, like every other substance, contains small amounts of bacteria. Thus, chlorine is usually added to drinking water to prevent bacterial growth. Since minimal remnant amounts of chlorine are found in drinking water, new sterilization alternatives were developed over time. Due to its germicidal effectiveness, UV-C light became an alternative to chemicals. Nowadays, UV-C light is of...

Most of us do what we can to avoid the DNA-damaging effects of UV-B rays. While plants can’t slap on sunscreen, put on a nice hat, or move to a shady spot, they too have ways to protect themselves from (and acclimate to) damaging UV-B radiation. For example, plants undergo UV-B-dependent photomorphogenic changes (see figure), including reduced hypocotyl and leaf expansion, increased stomatal cl...