Daily variation in the effects of furosemide, a loop diuretic agent, was examined in Wistar rats maintained under conditions of light from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. and dark from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. Furosemide (30 mg/kg) was given orally at 12 p.m., 4 a.m., 8 a.m., 12 a.m., 4 p.m. or 8 p.m. Urine was collected for 8 hr after furosemide administration, and urinary excretions of sodium and furosemide were de...

in this study, simple and efficient ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (usaeme) combined with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (gc-fid) was developed for the preconcentration and determination of carbamazepine in biological samples. in this method, the fine droplets of 1-octanol were formed and dispersed in the sample with the help of ultrasonic waves, which accelera...

Abstract Background and Aims Residual renal function is an important factor in peritoneal dialysis (PD) regarding technical survival implementation of incremental therapy schemes. The aim the retrospective study was to develop estimation formula Kt/Vurea PD based on urine output anthropometric data. Method In 235 adult patients (151 males, 84 females, median age 66 years, BMI 26.0, diuresis &am...

styrene is an important constituent of widely used organic solvents in industries for production of various synthetic materials. the use of solid-phase extraction (spe) has grown and is a fertile technique of sample preparation as it provides better results than those produced by liquidliquid extraction. in this study, spe has been optimized, regarding sample ph, sample concentration, sample fl...