the urban open space is the context in which the human activities and behavior takes place and the socio-cultural relations of people happen in it. public spaces are places responding to the daily needs and public life in cities. these spaces throughout time and based on the socio-cultural and economic conditions would transform. urban spaces also are places for various activities. in a simple ...

In studying the case studies of traditional architectures according to Christopher Alexander’s theory about “the nature of order” and the fifteen fundamental properties introduced, it is important to note that the ontology of the theory is based on human’s indigenous feeling about architecture, which subsequently implies these kind of studies to be based on people’s cognitive images induced fro...

Tourism is rapidly developing as a profitable and clean industry in the world. Today, tourists consider urban areas as tourist attractions since, in addition to the body which has its own charm,every space is dominated by an identity. In this descriptive, comparative study, the criteria determining the urban space identity are attempted to be specified through documentary studies. Then, 105 que...

Lighting plays a key role in night escapes of urban spaces, in a way that it can be effective in giving identity to them. By considering this importance and inexistence of a process for composing urban Lighting strategy made this study to be conducted by the objective of providing process for compilation of context-oriented lighting strategy in urban spaces. Reaching a suitable solution for Li...

There is growing recognition that interactions with nature provide many desirable human well-being outcomes, yet increasing urbanization is degrading the quality and quantity of nature experiences. Thus, it has become increasingly important to understand how and why urban dwellers interact with nature. Studies of urban green space use have largely focused on the availability and ease of access ...

the objective of this study is to measure the city of tehran’s environmental quality in 2006 (the last census year). primarily, with a comparative analysis of a variety of urban sustainability indicator models, a collection of 54 indicators have been chosen and categorized as indicators of increase or decrease in urban environmental quality in the form of a simple mathematical model. based on t...