This study was designed to investigate if the working memory profiles of children living in rural poverty are distinct from the working memory profiles of children living in urban poverty. Verbal and visuospatial working memory tasks were administered to sixth-grade students living in low-income rural, low-income urban, high-income rural, and high-income urban developmental contexts. Both low-i...

The uninsured have poorer access to care and obtain care at greater acuity than those with health insurance; however, the differential impact of being uninsured in rural versus urban areas is largely unknown. Using data from the 2002-2007 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we examine whether uninsured rural residents have different patterns of health care use than their urban counterparts, and t...

Brownfields, idle or under-utilized urban areas, were identified in three parts of the Phoenix metropolitan area using a supervised classification technique using ERDAS Imagine. The brownfields were first evaluated in an area of south Phoenix used as a control site to establish sample training sites. These sites provided the basis for the supervised classification of an ASTER satellite image, w...

Present study is an attempt to estimate age at natural menopause among rural and urban Punjabi Brahmin females of Roop Nagar district (Punjab). Cross-sectional data are based on 870 Brahmin females (rural=450, urban=420), ranging in age from 40 to 70 years. Mean and median age at menopause of rural females is 48.22+2.47 years and 48.98+1.12 years respectively, while among urban females it is 49...

Detailed analysis of continuous time-series data from regions undergoing rapid urbanization can accurately reveal spatial variations on short time scales. This study used the city of Changchun in Jilin Province, China, as a case study to analyze total and annual changes in area—especially decreases in rural settlement area—as well as regional differences in these changes and driving forces of r...

In Zhejiang province economic development and changes in nutrition appear to have increased both life expectancy and nutrition-related chronic disease morbidity. Life expectancy is longer in urban populations than in rural and in both urban and rural females. From 1997 to 2002 urban females had an average life expectancy of 81.4 years. In 2002 the estimated incidence of ischaemic heart disease ...

Rates of alcohol use and alcohol use disorder (AUD) vary with geographic location. Research on risks for AUD associated with living in a rural versus urban setting is complicated by the varied systems used to classify geographic location. Studies comparing the prevalence of heavier or binge drinking and AUD based on a dichotomous urban/rural classification have mixed findings when compared with...

BACKGROUND The perception and prevalence of domestic violence (DV) in rural areas is poorly understood; the result is that most efforts at eradicating this harmful practice are concentrated in urban areas. The objective of the study was to compare the burden and perception of DV among women living in rural and urban Igbo communities of southeast Nigeria. METHODS This was a comparative, cross-...

BACKGROUND Rural populations have limited geographic access to radiation therapy. The current study examines whether rural patients with cancer are less likely than urban patients with cancer to receive recommended radiation therapy, and identifies factors influencing rural versus urban differences in radiation therapy receipt. METHODS The current study included 14,692 rural and 107,834 urban...

INTRODUCTION An estimated 2.8 million cancer survivors reside in rural areas in the United States. We compared the risk behaviors, psychosocial factors, health outcomes, quality of life, and follow-up care of rural and urban cancer survivors in Missouri. METHODS We used 2009-2010 Missouri Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to examine various health outcomes, behaviors, and psycho...