OBJECTIVE To build a national Cuban capacity for training environmental health professionals directly linked to the needs of policy-makers and communities. PARTICIPANTS The University of Manitoba and University of British Columbia collaborated with an established training centre in Cuba (the Instituto Nacional de Higiene y Epidemiologia--INHEM) and new centres in the Central (Santa Clara) and...

Cochrane Collaboration Forms New Nursing Care Network The Cochrane Collaboration is an international nonpro¢t organization dedicated to increasing access to high-quality evidence on the effects of health care treatments. In the spring of 2009, the Cochrane Collaboration created a new international network speci¢c to the ¢eld of nursing, bringing the total number of Cochrane networks to 16. Coch...

A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the impact of perceived quality and cost of utilisation of primary health care services, in relation to malaria, in rural and urban districts in Tanzania. This study intended to explore whether there are differences between rural and urban users in terms of their perceptions of quality of health services and how these perceptions affect househol...

OBJECTIVE To compare morbidity, disability (ADL-IADL disability) along with behavioral and biological correlates of diseases and disability of two elderly population groups (tea garden workers and urban dwellers) living in same geographical location. METHODS Two hundred and ninety three and 230 elderly from urban setting and tea garden respectively aged > 60 years were included in the study. ...

Facing severe mental health disparities rooted in a complex history of cultural oppression, members of many urban American Indian (AI) communities are reaching out for indigenous traditional healing to augment their use of standard Western mental health services. Because detailed descriptions of approaches for making traditional healing available for urban AI communities do not exist in the lit...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of diabetes care provided to American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) by urban and rural Indian health programs. DESIGN Medical record review data collected by the Indian Health Service as part of the Diabetes Care and Outcomes Audit in 2002. SETTING Seventeen urban Indian health clinics and 225 rural Indian health programs. PA...

Background: Evaluation of existing oral health services showed that it is predominantly urban oriented, mostly curative in nature and accessible mainly to small a part of population, i.e., privileged few. Periodontal diseases are more prevalent in a rural population than the urban population. The socio demographic profi le is highly contrasting between the urban and rural population. It is esse...

Using data from 60 round of the National Sample Survey, this study attempts to measure the incidence and intensity of “catastrophic” maternal health care expenditure and examines its socio-economic correlates in urban and rural areas separately. Additionally, it measures the effect of maternal health care expenditure on poverty incidence and examines the factors associated with such impoverishm...

BACKGROUND Hukou is the household registration system in China that determines eligibility for various welfare benefits, such as health care, education, housing, and employment. The hukou system may lead to nutritional and health disparities in China. We aim at examining the role of the hukou system in affecting urban-rural disparities in child nutrition, and disentangling the institutional eff...