Although regional climates throughout much of the world appear to have become more arid in late Cenozoic time, sedimentation rates, and therefore presumably erosion rates, have increased. For sustained erosion of elevated terrain, at least where glaciers are not the major erosive agent, rivers must incise. Therefore bed-load transport by rivers should be a rate-limiting process in erosion. Theo...

Flash floods are one of the most dangerous weather-related natural disasters in the world. These events develop less than six hours after a rainfall event and create hazardous situations for people and extensive damage to property. It is critical for flash flood conditions to be warned of in a timely manner to minimize impacts. There is currently a knowledge gap between flood experts and the ge...

With the increase in extreme weather, cities, especially those with small- and medium-sized urban rivers protected areas smaller than 200 square hectares, are experiencing significantly more flood disasters worldwide. Heavy snowfall rainfall can rapidly overflow these cause floods due to unique geographic locations fast runoff confluence speeds of rivers. Therefore, it is particularly important...

Global warming-induced extreme climatic changes have increased the frequency of severe typhoons bringing heavy rains; this has considerably affected the stability of the forest ecosystems. Since the Taiwan 921 earthquake occurred in 21 September 1999, the mountain geology of the Island of Taiwan has become unstable and typhoon-induced floods and mudslides have changed the topography and geomorp...

A growing body of research argues that early adverse experiences have lasting effects not only on later health outcomes, but also on human capital accumulation. In this paper, I investigate the persistent effect of negative shocks early in life on children’s health and cognitive outcomes, and explore whether shocks at certain periods matter more than others. I exploit the geographic intensity o...

Earth Observation is a powerful tool for the detection of floods. Microwave sensors are typically favored as they deliver data enabling water detection independent of solar illumination or cloud cover conditions. However, scale issues play an important role in radar based flood mapping. Depending on the flood related phenomenon under investigation, some sensors might be more suitable than other...

Cities’ vulnerability to extreme rainfall is increasing due to urbanization, increase of imperviousness, implementation of complex network of infrastructures, and alteration of precipitation patterns as an effect of climate change. More severe and more frequent storms are expected, having a strong impact in urban catchments, which will become more prone to floods. Because of the short duration ...

In the last decade, there have been many destructive floods in various parts of the world. Despite the extensive investment in flood control works, neither flood occurrences nor damages are decreasing. A possible consequence of climate change is an increased frequency of extreme meteorological events that may cause floods. Discussion is offered of some recent large floods in the world and of th...

Floods are the main natural disaster in Brazil, causing substantial economic damage and loss of life. Studies suggest that some extreme floods result from a causal climate chain. Exceptional rain and floods are determined by large-scale anomalies and persistent patterns in the atmospheric and oceanic circulations, which influence the magnitude, extent, and duration of these extremes. Moreover, ...