The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that decrease in cerebral oxygenation compromises an individual's ability to respond to peripheral visual stimuli during exercise. We measured the simple reaction time (RT) to peripheral visual stimuli at rest and during and after cycling at three different workloads [40%, 60%, and 80% peak oxygen uptake (VO2)] under either normoxia [inspired...

At IMM the advantages of an alternative synthesis route for biodiesel under supercritical conditions in micro-structured reactors applying heterogeneous catalysts are currently under investigation. Target of the development work is to build a pilot plant with an annual production capacity of 40 t which covers all process engineering steps and verifies their functionality in laboratory and field...

Two different schemes of the central organization of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) have been proposed: one of them assumes that postural and focal components of an action are results of a single control process (single-process hypothesis) while the other one suggests that these two components result from two relatively independent control processes (dual-process hypothesis). To disti...

3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones were synthesised in high yields by one-pot three-component Biginelli condensation in the presence of room temperature ionic liquids such as 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMImBF4) or hexafluorophosphorate (BMImPF6) as catalysts under solvent-free and neutral conditions. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Recently, the interest in ...

An aldol-type reaction of organonitriles with aldehydes was catalyzed by a RhI(OR) species under ambient conditions, and the reaction displayed a broad substrate scope with respect to both organonitrile and aldehyde components.

Pyridine derivatives and dichloromethane (DCM) are commonly used together in a variety of different applications. However, DCM slowly reacts with pyridine and a variety of other representative pyridine derivatives to form methylenebispyridinium dichloride compounds under ambient conditions. The proposed mechanism (two consecutive S(N)2 reactions) was studied by evaluating the kinetics of the re...

A generalization of reaction-diffusion models to multigeneration biological species is presented. It is based on more complex random walks than those in previous approaches. The new model is developed analytically up to infinite order. Our predictions for the speed agree to experimental data for several butterfly species better than existing models. The predicted dependence for the speed on the...

The Eschenmoser coupling is a useful carbon-carbon bond forming reaction which has been used in various different synthesis strategies. The reaction proceeds smoothly if S-alkylated ternary thioamides or thiolactames are used. In the case of S-alkylated secondary thioamides or thiolactames, the Eschenmoser coupling needs prolonged reaction times and elevated temperatures to deliver valuable yie...

This paper offers a continuous time, general equilibrium model where a risky asset is traded among risk-averse overconfident investors. Two kinds of overconfidence are introduced: investors exhibit relative overconfidence if each investor believes her model is better than others’ and aggregate overconfidence if they believe signals have more information content than those in the true model. Rel...

Palladium-catalyzed Hiyama cross-coupling reactions of various arylsulfonyl hydrazides with a wide variety of aryl silanes have been achieved in good to excellent yields under simple conditions. The newly developed catalytic system does not require the use of expensive silver- or copper-based stoichiometric oxidants and can be accelerated by the addition of TBAT under an atmosphere of oxygen. T...