نتایج جستجو برای: ukraine
تعداد نتایج: 28695 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
BACKGROUND Despite massive scale up of funds from global health initiatives including the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (Global Fund) and other donors, the ambitious target agreed by G8 leaders in 2005 in Gleneagles to achieve universal access to HIV/AIDS treatment by 2010 has not been reached. Significant barriers to access remain in former Soviet Union (FSU) countries, a...
Forests provide important ecosystem services, and protected areas around the world are intended to reduce human disturbance on forests. The question is how forest cover is changing in different parts of the world, why some areas are more frequently disturbed, and if protected areas are effective in limiting anthropogenic forest disturbance. The Carpathians are Eastern Europe's largest contiguou...
BACKGROUND Tobacco taxes are one of the most effective ways to reduce tobacco use. Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) claim they wish to develop and secure excise systems that benefit both governments and the profitability of the companies themselves. The objective of the paper is to use the case of Ukraine, with its inconsistent history of excise tax changes in 1992-2008, to explore tobacc...
BACKGROUND There is little evidence regarding the risk of leukaemia in children following exposure to radionuclides from the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant explosion on April 26, 1986. METHODS This population-based case-control study investigated whether acute leukaemia is increased among children who were in utero or <6 years of age at the time of the Chernobyl accident. Confirmed cases of le...
The Ukraine is one of the European countries with the fastest growing number of cases of HIV. In the European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS (EuroHIV) year-end report 2005, the number of newly diagnosed HIV infections in the Ukraine was the second highest in the WHO European Region. Women are increasingly contributing to the spread of HIV/AIDS. HIV infection by sexual contact...
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The post-Soviet land reforms that allowed private ownership of land in Russia and Ukraine, and the recent rise in global interest for land resources have made the fertile land of these countries an object for investment and a cause of disputes among land investors, peasants, and government. In similar circumstances in other agricultural countries, social movements rose to the defense of rural d...
The paper provides an overview of the methods and practices of poverty analysis in Ukraine. The specifics of using different methodological approaches to poverty measuring as well as the problem of selecting a criterion for determining the poverty threshold are reviewed. At the present stage of economic and social development in the study of poverty at the international and country levels, incl...
Introduction As part of this surveillance study for Avian Influenza both active and passive surveillance samples were tested using PCR and also utilized to validate the LAMP method. Active surveillance samples include pathological material and tracheal and cloacal swabs from ill poultry, which were subsequently assessed for avian influenza during diagnosis, and birds collected by hunters. Passi...
Present and immediately foreseeable medical knowledge suggest that HIV infection cannot be avoided by vaccination and that an affordable cure for the resulting syndrome, AIDS, is a long way off. There is a strong possibility that Ukraine is confronted by an HIV epidemic which will spread into the general population and that the most common mode of transmission will be through heterosexual inter...
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