OBJECTIVE To develop a predictive model for projecting the pediatric workforce and retrospectively test its accuracy at different points in time over the past several decades. METHODS We applied a modified version of the physician workforce trend model developed by Cooper et al. We first analyzed and tested the relationship between economic activity and the number of active pediatric medical ...

Spending for health care rose to $751.8 billion in 1991, an increase of 11.4 percent from the 1990 level. National health expenditures as a share of gross domestic product increased to 13.2 percent, up from 12.2 percent in 1990. The health care sector exhibited strong growth, despite slow growth in the overall economy. This combination resulted in the largest increase in the share of the Nation...

Nigeria has endured two decades of economic stagnation. Despite the country’s rich natural and human resources, its per capita gross domestic product of $860 (in 2004) is one of the lowest in the world.3 In addition, Nigeria has experienced the deterioration of its democratic institutions, long periods of ethnic and civil war, and a series of military coups. In fact, military rule ended only in...

In 1997, a Motorcycle Safety Programme (MSP) was introduced to address the motorcycle-related accident problem. The MSP was specifically targeted at motorcyclists. In addition to the MSP, the recent economic recession has significantly contributed to a reduction of traffic-related incidents. This paper examines the effects of the recent economic crisis and the MSP on motorcycle-related accident...

A pervasive issue in social and environmental research has been how to improve the quality of socioeconomic data in developing countries. Given the shortcomings of standard sources, the present study examines luminosity (measures of nighttime lights visible from space) as a proxy for standard measures of output (gross domestic product). We compare output and luminosity at the country level and ...

The total cost of fire in the United States in 2008, as defined by NFPA, is estimated at $310 B, or roughly 2 % of U.S. gross domestic product. Structure fires and fire protection account for $170 B. To reduce the U.S. fire burden, the Fire Risk Reduction in Buildings program focuses on the development and application of measurement science and standards directly on the two largest components o...

Livestock sector plays a critical role in the welfare of India's rural population. It contributes nine percent to Gross Domestic Product and employs eight percent of the labour force. This sector is emerging as an important growth leverage of the Indian economy. As a component of agricultural sector, its share in gross domestic product has been rising gradually, while that of crop sector has be...

The recent economic and financial crisis and the current slow recovery highlight that homeownership plays a critical role in the U.S. economy. The estimated “equivalent rent” implicitly paid by homeowners accounts for more than 8 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). Investment in single-family housing also represents a significant share of GDP and is closely tied to the business cycle. Over...

Health care expenditures are escalating in Western societies. In Belgium health care represented 3.4% of gross domestic product in 1960, whereas in 2003 health care expenditures were 10.1% of gross domestic product (1). The determinants of these increasing costs are multiple. However, there is agreement that technologic improvements and the growing and ageing population are the most important c...

www.phil.frb.org Business Review Q1 2004 23 www.phil.frb.org ver the past 20 years, the U.S. economy has had fewer and shorter recessions. In addition, over time, swings in the growth of many macroeconomic variables, such as gross domestic product, have become smaller. Why this decline in economic volatility? In this article, Keith Sill highlights some of the facts about the increased stability...