We previously demonstrated that the characteristic sequence of matrix attachment regions (MARs) allows transgenes to be maintained episomally in CHO cells. In the present study, six commonly used promoters from human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early (CMV), simian vacuolating virus 40 (SV40), Rous sarcoma virus, Homo sapiens ubiquitin C, phosphoglycerate kinase, and β-globin, respectively, ...

The promoter is a major element in the expression cassette of gene therapy vectors. Optimal promoter selection can enhance target specificity and gene expression. Recently, we evaluated three different human elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1α) promoters. The three promoters were put into the same expression vector, pAC-luc, driving expression of the luciferase cDNA. The activity from one EF1α prom...

The Bacillus subtilis gene senS, when present in high copy number, stimulates the expression of several extracellular protein genes during the onset of stationary phase, e.g. aprE. A novel integration vector, pINT, was constructed for transcription expression studies; it employed a unique method of promoter insert production for fusion with the lacZ reporter gene. Deletions were made of the 5' ...

PURPOSE Growing evidence suggests that successful treatment of many inherited photoreceptor diseases will require multi-protein therapies that not only correct the genetic defects linked to these diseases but also slow or halt the related degenerative phenotypes. To be effective, it is likely that therapeutic protein expression will need to be targeted to specific cell types. The purpose of thi...

Bacillus subtilis is an attractive host for production of recombinant proteins. Promoters and expression plasmid backbones have direct impacts on the efficiency of gene expression. To screen and isolate strong promoters, a promoter trap vector pShuttleF was developed in this study. Using the vector, approximately 1000 colonies containing likely promoters from Bacillus licheniformis genomic DNA ...

Lattice vector quantization (LVQ) reduces computational load and design complexity due to its regular structure. In this letter, we introduce and analyze the performance of two hybrid combinations of two lattices i.e. the AnAn and AnDn. Experiment results show that multistage LVQ with lattice AnA combination in four dimensional vector offers the least quantization errors with p = 0.0098 as comp...

BACKGROUND Internal polymerase III promoters in retroviral vectors have been used extensively to express short RNA sequences, such as ribozymes, RNA aptamers or short interfering RNA inhibitors, in various positions and orientations. However, the stability of these promoters in the reverse orientation has not been rigorously evaluated. RESULTS A series of retroviral vectors was generated carr...

BACKGROUND The transcription factor Oct-4, is an important marker of undifferentiating level and a key regulating factor for maintenance of pluripotency in cells. Establishment of an Oct-4 promoter-based reporter system is an appropriate tool for monitoring the differentiation of embryonic stem cells both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS In the present study, we report construction of a recombin...

We have constructed two expression vectors based on the pJF118HE vector developed for Escherichia coli by Fürste et al. [Gene 48 (1986) 119-131]. The tac promoter (ptac) was exchanged for the trc promoter (ptrc) and an NdeI site was created at the appropriate distance from the ribosome-binding site. The NdeI site permits cloning of a gene at its translation start point without altering the amin...

The utility of adenovirus vectors for gene therapy is limited by the transience of expression that has been observed in various in vivo models. Immunological responses to viral targets can eliminate transduced cells and cause the loss of transgene expression. We previously described the characterization of an E4 modified adenovirus, Ad2E4ORF6, which is replication defective in cotton rats. We r...