The integration of 3D-ordered macropores with poly(ionic liquid)s can significantly extend the functions of poly(ionic liquid)s, and afford a new type of material, which can serve as not only tunable photonic crystals and anion-directed molecular gating system, but also as a surface with enhanced tunable wettability and unique stable electro-optic switching.

Consider sets X and Y each with associated membership functions. Further suppose that there is a map f : X → Y . A membership may be induced onY from the membership ofX calculated using the extension principle, and the two memberships on Y may be combined to give an overall membership. The point with the highest membership in X can be determined directly or by back mapping the value with the hi...