Two almost completely exclusive fields in radiobiology deal with splitting doses of radiation and comparing the effect to a similar total dose given in one exposure. In radiotherapy, dose "fractionation" is used to "spare" normal tissue and in the low dose field, the adaptive response is well documented as a phenomenon where a small "priming" dose administered before the larger "challenge" dose...

Advances in conformal radiation therapy and advancements in pre-clinical radiotherapy research have recently stimulated the development of precise micro-irradiators for small animals such as mice and rats. These devices are often kilovolt x-ray radiation sources combined with high-resolution CT imaging equipment for image guidance, as the latter allows precise and accurate beam positioning. Thi...

The use of radiochromic film (RCF) dosimetry is widely consolidated for applications in photon, electron and proton beams. It offers several advantages, in particular, two-dimensional measurements of dose distributions with high spatial resolution, no post irradiation processing required and no daylight sensitivity. In addition, it shows small LET and energy dependence. GAFCHROMIC® EBT3 films, ...

Dentists’ incorrect behavior with regards to Oral Radiology, as reported in the literature, has been related to inadequate training of undergraduates. Aim: This study assessed dental undergraduates’ knowledge of Oral Radiology. Methods: A questionnaire containing 30 questions pertaining to three domains General Principles, Radiobiology/Radioprotection and Technique/Interpretation was used as da...

A neutron generator (HIRRAC) for use in radiobiology study has been constructed at the Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University (RIRBM). Monoenergetic neutrons of which energy is less than 1.3 MeV are generated by the 7Li(p,n)7 Be reaction at proton energies up to 3 MeV. The protons are accelerated by a Schenkel-type-accelerator and are bombared onto the 7Li-t...

BACKGROUND Iodine 125 ((125)I) seed irradiation is an effective non-surgical treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the safety and tolerability of (125)I seed sequential irradiation therapy remain unclear, there is no unified standard of brachytherapy radiation dose, and further study on the basic radiobiology of continuous rate irradiation is necessary. ...

conclusions pc-rplnd is one the major operations in the field of urology, which is associated with significant adjunctive surgeries. in appropriate cases, pc-rplnd was associated with good cancer specific survival in tertiary oncology center. results twenty-one patients underwent bilateral pc-rplnd. mean age was 26.3 years (ranged 16 - 47). mean size of retroperitoneal mass after chemotherapy w...

INTRODUCTION Antiprotons have been proposed as a potential modality for radiotherapy because the annihilation at the end of range leads to roughly a doubling of physical dose in the Bragg peak region. So far it has been anticipated that the radiobiology of antiproton beams is similar to that of protons in the entry region of the beam, but very different in the annihilation region, due to the ex...

The use of computational methods to improve the understanding of biological responses to various types of radiation is an approach where multiple parameters can be modelled and a variety of data is generated. This study compares cellular effects modelled for low absorbed doses against high absorbed doses. The authors hypothesized that low and high absorbed doses would contribute to cell killing...