Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: HIF: Hypoxia Inducing Factor; NLRP: Nucleotide Leucine Rich Protein; ATP: Adenosine Tri Phosphate; TNF α-: Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha; AKT: Protein Kinase; mTORCMammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex; WNT: Gene Wingless and Protooncogene Integration; MSU: Mono Sodium Urate; PARP: Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase; AIDS: Acquired Immune Defic...

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to examine the effect of troxerutin treatment on levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as pro-inflammatory cytokines, in the blood and hippocampus of high-fat diet (HFD) fed dams and their male offspring. <span ...

Background: Low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) has been shown to correlate with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D and glycemic and inflammatory markers in non-obese patients with T2DM. Methods: Eighty-four non-obese patients with T2DM were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Demog...

Purpose: In prostate cancer, the anti-apoptotic mechanism of sulfated glycoprotein-2 (clusterin) against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) receptors and the action of type 2 TNF-α receptor (TNFR2) were investigated. Materials and Methods: TNF-α, agonistic-TNF type 1 receptor (TNFR1) antibody, agonistic-TNF-R2 antibody and their combination were treated in PC3 cell line with or without anti-cl...

Background: Brain inflammation has been recognized as a complex phenomenon with numerous related aspects. In addition to the very well-described neurodegenerative effect of inflammation, several studies suggest that inflammatory signals exert a potentially positive influence on neural stem cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is one of the best-...

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is commonly used clinically to sustain patients; however, TPN is associated with profound mucosal atrophy, which may adversely affect clinical outcomes. Using a mouse TPN model, removing enteral nutrition leads to decreased crypt proliferation, increased intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) apoptosis and increased mucosal tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expressi...

OBJECTIVE Analysis of the contribution of genetic (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at position -238 and -308 of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and -592 of the interleukin-10 (IL-10) promotor genes) and of classical factors (age, alcohol, immunodepression, antirretroviral therapy) on the risk of liver cirrhosis in human immunodeficiency (HIV)-hepatitis C (HCV) virus coinfected pat...

tumor necrosis factor- α (tnf-α) plays an important role in diverse cellular events such as septic shock, induction of other cytokines, cell proliferation and apoptosis. tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (trail) is currently attracting great interest as a potential anticancer drug. trail could selectively induce apoptosis in tumor cells in vitro and in vivo by a deat...