The aim of this study was to evaluate MHC class I expression and prognosis using tumor tissues surgically removed from 9 dogs with mammary gland carcinomas and from 13 dogs with complex carcinomas. We assessed MHC class I expression and its correlation with tumor size, B2M expression, infiltration of lymphocytes, histological grade and prognosis. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections were hist...

The cellular composition of a tumor greatly influences the growth, spread, immune activity, drug response, and other aspects of the disease. Tumor cells are usually comprised of a heterogeneous mixture of subclones, each of which could contain their own distinct character. The presence of minor subclones poses a serious health risk for patients as any one of them could harbor a fitness advantag...

Intravenous injections of suspensions of spores of Cl. butyricum (Strain M-55) pro duced a more or less extensive lysis of tumor tissue. A number of other strains of nonpathogenic Clostridia did not show substantially improved results. In general, strains which were able to ferment carbohydrate performed equally well, whereas pri marily proteolytic strains gave inferior results. Combination of ...

Epithelial cell mucin Ml (I is expressed on adenocarcinomas in an underglycosylated form that serves as a tumor antigen in breast, pancre atic, ovarian, and other tumors. Two predominant MUC1-specific im mune responses arc found in patients: CDS* CTLs, which recognize tandemly repeated epitopes on the Miri protein core, and IgM antibod ies. There have been no reports to date of MUCl-specific CD...

Absorption based CT imaging has been an invaluable tool in medical diagnosis, biology, and materials science. However, CT requires a large set of projection data and high radiation dose to achieve superior image quality. In this letter, we report a new imaging modality, X-ray Induced Acoustic Tomography (XACT), which takes advantages of high sensitivity to X-ray absorption and high ultrasonic r...

are associated with declines in SOC concentrations, and that increased residue inputs from high nitrogen applications do not mitigate this decline as much as we might hope. It is not possible, however, to link the over-application of nitrogen fertilizers to the decline in SOC. It would be appropriate for the authors to restate their conclusions to refl ect a more measured assessment of the evid...

Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a diverse family of enzymes which regulate various critical biological processes, such as cell proliferation and survival. Class (I) PI3Ks (PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kγ and PI3Kδ) mediate the phosphorylation of the inositol ring at position D3 leading to the generation of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 can be dephosphorylated by several phosphatases, of which the...

Neuropilins are multifunctional non-tyrosine kinase receptors that bind to class 3 semaphorins and vascular endothelial growth factor. NRP-1 and NRP-2 were first identified for their key role in mediating axonal guidance in the developing nervous system through their interactions with class 3 semaphorins. Growing evidence supports a critical role for these receptors in tumor progression. Neurop...

Pathologists often deal with high complexity and sometimes disagreement over Osteosarcoma tumor classification due to cellular heterogeneity in the dataset. Segmentation and classification of histology tissue in H&E stained tumor image datasets is challenging due to intra-class variations and inter-class similarity, crowded context, and noisy data. In recent years, deep learning approaches have...

Defining how epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting therapies influence the immune response is essential to increase their clinical efficacy. A growing emphasis is being placed on immune regulator genes that govern tumor - T cell interactions. Previous studies showed an increase in HLA class I cell surface expression in tumor cell lines treated with anti-EGFR agents. In particular, e...