Today, in Western Europe, Canada and the USA, more than half of all new active tuberculosis (TB) cases occur among foreign-born migrants. This article examines the impact of migration from high TB-incidence to low TB-incidence countries, and compares the cost-effectiveness of different TB control strategies. A Medline search was conducted to identify relevant English language publications prior...

BACKGROUND Unlike US-bound refugees, asylum seekers (asylees) apply for asylum while residing in the United States and are not provided a medical screening. Infectious disease burden and vaccination needs have not been described among US asylees. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 630 asylees and 151 refugees referred to the District of Columbia (DC) Department of Health scr...

Objectives: To study the various clinical and radiological manifestations of tuberculosis, AFB status, tuberculin reactivity in HIV positive patients and its relationship with the CD4 cell counts. Methods: Symptomatic patients with confirmed serodiagnosis of HIV infection were screened for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) as well as for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), diagnosis of tuberculosis...

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that mainly affects the lung tissues. Therefore, chest X-ray imaging can be very useful to diagnose and understand evolution of pathology. This image modality has a poorer quality in contrast with other techniques as magnetic resonance or computerized tomography, but easier cheaper perform. Furthermore, data scarcity challenging domain biomedical imaging. I...

RATIONALE The development of tuberculin skin test (TST) positivity following infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is not invariable and may depend on bacillary as well as host factors. OBJECTIVES First, to compare the diagnostic performance of the TST and a form of in vitro IFN-gamma release assay (IFNGRA) in the circumstances of a contact investigation prompted by an unusually severe inde...

BACKGROUND To address increasing tuberculosis (TB) incidence in foreign-born populations, immigrant TB screening programs have been implemented in the USA. These programs are modified periodically, the effectiveness of which have been disputed. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the value of the 2009 Technical Instructions for Tuberculosis Screening and Treatment Using Cultures a...

Background: Indonesia remains the highest tuberculosis morbidity rate, 9.6 million globally. Limited detection and surveillance of suspected need to be enhanced. Objective: This study aims investigate factors that influence role Physicians in screening for tuberculosis. Materials Methods: a case-control with secondary datasets 132 physicians. The analysis used is simple logistic regression mult...

TO THE EDITOR—Eighteen million US healthcare workers (HCWs) undergo mandatory annual screening for latent tuberculosis [1]. Screening is also performed in tuberculosis contacts, immunocompromised patients, and other individuals employed in the public sector. Many institutions have switched from the tuberculin skin test to the Quantiferon (QFT) assay for latent tuberculosis screening. In recent ...

Truncated models are indirect methods to estimate the size of a hidden population which, in contrast to the capture-recapture method, can be used on a single information source. We estimated the coverage of a tuberculosis screening programme among illicit drug users and homeless persons with a mobile digital X-ray unit between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2005 in Rotterdam, The Netherlands, u...