Background: The effect of hypoxia on the formation of superoxide (O2 ), the expression of gp91 and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) were studied in pig intact pulmonary artery (PA) segments and PA vascular smooth muscle cells (PAVSMCs) and PA endothelial cells (PAECs). Methods: Segments and cells were incubated under hypoxic conditions for 2 hours (with or without enzyme inhibitors) and the forma...

Objective(s): Impairment of nerve cells of brain induced by hypoxia results in energy-deprivation and dysfunction, which accompanies with neurons apoptosis. Improving function of nerve cells is important for treating cerebral anoxia. This study aimed to investigate the role of Quercetin (Quer) in hypoxia-induced injury of pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells. Materials and Methods: PC-12 cells were c...

The 47,XXX karyotype is a rare sex chromosome anomaly. This karyotype is usually not associated with a characteristic physical phenotype. In the presented case, a triple-X girl patient associated with 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency is identified. The case was referred to the Endocrinology Unit at six days of age because of ambiguous genitalia. The karyotype in this case was 47,XXX, an unexpected...

Down's syndrome in association with various other chromosomal disorders such as Klinefelter's, Turner's, trisomy 15, and triple X (Penrose and Smith, 1966), are well known. Other combinations of Down's syndrome with various metabolic disorders (e.g. hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus (Daniels and Simon, 1968)) have also been reported. An unusual patient was recently seen at Columbus Children'...

mouth breathing might not always result in hypoxia, but can contribute to it. the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of mouth breathing on hypoxia. based on a pilot study, 323 patients with mouth breathing were selected. assessment of mouth breathing was based on clinical examination and questionnaires filled out by patients and their companions. the patients were also examine...