Headache syndromes often suggest occipital and neck involvement, although it is still unknown to what extent branches of segment C1-C3 contribute actively to primary headache. Pain within the occipital area may be referred to the trigeminal territory. However, a modulation of trigeminal transmission by affecting cervical input in humans has not been elucidated so far. A convergence of cervical ...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether primary vestibular afferent fibers establish direct connections with the motor and sensory trigeminal system in the brainstem of the frog. The experiments were carried out on Rana esculenta. In anaesthetized animals the trigeminal and vestibular nerves were prepared, and their proximal stumps were labeled either with fluorescein binding dextran a...

MR imaging features of 11 primary tumors of the trigeminal nerve and Meckel's cave were analyzed. The tumors consisted of two trigeminal schwannomas, five meningiomas, one lipoma, and three epidermoid tumors. The trigeminal schwannomas had homogeneously decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Three of the five meningiomas had signal...

PURPOSE Sensory trigeminal nerve growth cones innervate the cornea in a highly coordinated fashion. The purpose of this study was to determine if extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycans (ECM-GAGs), including keratan sulfate (KS), dermatan sulfate (DS), and chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) and C (CSC), polymerized in developing eyefronts, may provide guidance cues to nerves during cornea innervation....

To the Editor: The insertion of an epidural for pain relief in labour was complicated by a dural puncture. During the subsequent infusion the patient complained of numbness over her face. There was no accompanying tinnitus or circumoral numbness and pulse and blood pressure remained within normal limits. On examination an area of numbness, to pain and cold, was confined to the bilateral distrib...

Palisade endings are nerve specializations found in the extraocular muscles (EOMs) of mammals, including primates. They have long been postulated to be proprioceptors. It was recently demonstrated that palisade endings are cholinergic and that in monkeys they originate from the EOM motor nuclei. Nevertheless, there is considerable difference of opinion concerning the nature of palisade ending f...

The current study investigates a new model of barrel cortex activation using stimulation of the infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve. A robust and reproducible activation of the rat barrel cortex was obtained following trigeminal nerve stimulation. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) effects were obtained in the primary somatosensory barrel cortex (S1BF), the secondary somatosensory cort...

The primary sensory neurons innervating mechanoreceptors in oro-facial regions have their cell bodies in either the trigeminal ganglion or the mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. The buccal stretch receptor (BSR), a type of mechanoreceptor in the jaw of rodents, has recently been recognized as signaling the position of the mandible. The location of the primary afferent neurons innerv...

The trigeminal complex of lampreys, like that of anamniotic gnathostomes, consists of profundus and 'mandibulo 'mandibulomaxillary' branchesa, s. The pro-fundus branch possesses a distinct ganglion (supraorbital ganglion) separate from the ganglion (suboptical ganglion) of the 'mandibulomaxillary' brancheslL However, both ganglia send their processes into the medulla as a single trigeminal sens...

To study bilateral nerve changes in a newly developed novel mouse model for neurotrophic keratopathy by approaching the trigeminal nerve from the lateral fornix. Surgical axotomy of the ciliary nerve of the trigeminal nerve was performed in adult BALB/c mice at the posterior sclera. Axotomized, contralateral, and sham-treated corneas were excised on post-operative days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 and imm...