Abstract Black alder ( Alnus glutinosa [L.] Gaertn.) is an important component of riparian and wetland ecosystems in Europe. However, data on the growth this significant broadleaved tree species very limited. Presently, black currently suffers from pathogen Phytophthora particularly threatened by climate change. The objective study was to focus impact climatic variables (precipitation, temperat...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Changes in size inequality in tree populations are often attributed to changes in the mode of competition over time. The mode of competition may also fluctuate annually in response to variation in growing conditions. Factors causing growth rate to vary can also influence competition processes, and thus influence how size hierarchies develop. METHODS Detailed data obtained ...

The success or failure of any project is very largely depends on its SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) model. In this paper a new software development lifecycle model is designed using incremental spiral lifecycle model with software reuse concept. The proposed model is designed in such a way that it combines the capability of spiral and incremental model with reusability. The software dev...

have also given a linear time algorithm to determine the set of possible root locations for a minimum diameter shortest path tree, and shown that any minimum diameter tree must pass through this region. When compared with the 1-Steiner algorithm, minimum diameter A-trees produced lower maximum and average delays, with slightly higher tree length. Consideration of the feasible center region resu...

We study a percolation model on the square lattice, where clusters “freeze” (stop growing) as soon as their volume (i.e. the number of sites they contain) gets larger than N , the parameter of the model. A model where clusters freeze when they reach diameter at least N was studied in [14, 6]. Using volume as a way to measure the size of a cluster – instead of diameter – leads, for large N , to ...